Explanation:

Sodium and Oxygen Combination:

When Sodium and Oxygen combine, they form two types of compounds. One of the compounds is Na2O, which means two atoms of Sodium combine with one atom of Oxygen. The other compound is yet to be determined.

Percentage of Sodium in the Compound:

It is given that the percentage of Sodium in the other compound is 59%. This means that out of 100 parts of the compound, 59 parts are Sodium.

Formula of the Compound:

Let us assume that the formula of the compound is Na2Ox, where x is the number of Oxygen atoms in the compound. Since the percentage of Sodium in the compound is 59%, we can write:

2 x Atomic mass of Sodium / (2 x Atomic mass of Sodium + x x Atomic mass of Oxygen) = 59/100

Simplifying the above equation, we get:

Atomic mass of Sodium / (Atomic mass of Sodium + 0.5 x Atomic mass of Oxygen) = 0.59

Cross-multiplying, we get:

Atomic mass of Sodium = 0.59 x (Atomic mass of Sodium + 0.5 x Atomic mass of Oxygen)

Solving for Atomic mass of Oxygen, we get:

Atomic mass of Oxygen = (2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (0.41 x Atomic mass of Sodium - 0.59 x Atomic mass of Oxygen)

Now, since the formula of the compound is Na2Ox, the total atomic mass of Sodium and Oxygen in the compound is:

2 x Atomic mass of Sodium + x x Atomic mass of Oxygen

Substituting the value of Atomic mass of Oxygen from the above equation, we get:

Total atomic mass = 2 x Atomic mass of Sodium + x x (2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (0.41 x Atomic mass of Sodium - 0.59 x Atomic mass of Oxygen)

Simplifying the above equation, we get:

Total atomic mass = (2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (0.41 x Atomic mass of Sodium - 0.59 x Atomic mass of Oxygen - 2)

Now, we know that the total atomic mass of the compound is the sum of the atomic masses of Sodium and Oxygen. Therefore:

Total atomic mass = 2 x Atomic mass of Sodium + x x Atomic mass of Oxygen

Equating the above two equations, we get:

(2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (0.41 x Atomic mass of Sodium - 0.59 x Atomic mass of Oxygen - 2) = 2 x Atomic mass of Sodium + x x Atomic mass of Oxygen

Simplifying the above equation, we get:

x = (2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (Atomic mass of Oxygen - 35.5)

Therefore, the formula of the compound is Na2O(2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (Atomic mass of Oxygen - 35.5).

Conclusion:

The formula of the compound is Na2O(2 x Atomic mass of Sodium) / (Atomic mass of Oxygen - 35.5).

Percentage of sodium in Na2O is and percentage of oxygen is 25.8%. Percentage of sodium in other compound is 59% while that of oxygen is 41%. This means that in the first compound Na2O if we take 100 gm then 25.8 gm of oxygen will be present therefore the mass of sodium combining with 1 g of oxygen would be Similarly in the second compound the mass of sodium combining with one gm of oxygen is 59/41 = 1.44 g. The ratio of masses of sodium combining with the fixed mass of oxygen is 2.87 : 1.44 = 2:1. Therefore formula of the other compound is Na2O2