Bitumen is a viscous, black and sticky material that is soluble in carbon disulphide. It is widely used in the construction industry for paving roads and waterproofing roofs. Bitumen is derived from the destructive distillation of petroleum.

Destructive Distillation of Petroleum:

• Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that is obtained from the earth's crust. It is a non-renewable resource and is used for various purposes such as fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation.

• The destructive distillation of petroleum involves heating it to a high temperature in the absence of air. This process breaks down the complex hydrocarbons into simpler compounds such as gases, liquids, and solids.

• Bitumen is obtained as a residue from the destructive distillation of petroleum. The temperature at which bitumen is obtained is between 100°C and 400°C.

• The composition of bitumen depends on the source of petroleum and the conditions under which it is extracted. It contains high levels of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur.

• Bitumen is further processed to remove impurities and to modify its properties. This is done by adding solvents or other materials to it.

• Bitumen is used in the construction industry for various purposes such as paving roads, waterproofing roofs, and sealing joints. It is also used in the manufacturing of asphalt and other products.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, bitumen is derived from the destructive distillation of petroleum. It is a widely used material in the construction industry due to its excellent properties such as waterproofing and adhesion. The composition of bitumen depends on the source of petroleum and the conditions under which it is extracted.

Important byproduct of frictional distillation of curd petroleum.