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In sliding contact bearings, a positive pressure can be built up and a load supported by a fluid only by the use of a
  • a)
    diverging film
  • b)
    converging-diverging film
  • c)
    converging film
  • d)
    flat film
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Sliding Contact Bearings and Load Support

In sliding contact bearings, the load is supported by a fluid film that is formed between the bearing surfaces. This fluid film creates a pressure that helps to separate the surfaces and reduce friction between them. To build up this positive pressure and effectively support the load, the fluid film needs to have a converging shape.

Converging Film in Sliding Contact Bearings

The correct option, option 'C', states that a converging film is necessary to build up a positive pressure and support the load in sliding contact bearings. Let's understand why this is the case.

Explanation

When a load is applied to a sliding contact bearing, there is a relative motion between the bearing surfaces. This relative motion causes the fluid between the surfaces to be squeezed and pushed outwards. As a result, a pressure is generated in the fluid film.

To effectively support the load, the pressure in the fluid film needs to be higher at the center and lower towards the edges. This pressure distribution creates a wedge-shaped film that lifts and separates the bearing surfaces. This wedge-shaped film is formed due to the converging shape of the bearing surfaces.

Benefits of a Converging Film

A converging film in sliding contact bearings offers several advantages:

1. Load Support: The converging film creates a pressure distribution that helps to support the load. It prevents direct metal-to-metal contact between the bearing surfaces and reduces friction and wear.

2. Friction Reduction: The fluid film formed by the converging shape provides a lubricating effect. It reduces the friction between the surfaces, resulting in smoother and more efficient operation.

3. Heat Dissipation: The fluid film also helps in dissipating the heat generated due to friction. It acts as a coolant, preventing overheating and potential damage to the bearing surfaces.

4. Increased Bearing Life: The combination of load support, friction reduction, and heat dissipation provided by the converging film extends the bearing's lifespan and improves its overall performance.

Conclusion

In sliding contact bearings, a positive pressure is built up and a load is supported by a fluid film. This fluid film needs to have a converging shape to effectively support the load. The converging film offers benefits such as load support, friction reduction, heat dissipation, and increased bearing life.
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