**British Policy Changes after the Rebellion of 1857**

**1) Administrative Changes:**

- **End of the East India Company:** The British government dissolved the East India Company and took direct control over India. The governance of India was transferred to the British Crown, and a Secretary of State for India was appointed in London.
- **Governor-General to Viceroy:** The title of the Governor-General was changed to Viceroy of India, symbolizing the increased power and authority of the British government in India.
- **Centralization of Power:** The British government centralized the administration in India by establishing the Secretary of State's Council and the India Office in London. The Viceroy and Provincial Governors were given extensive powers to govern the country.
- **Introduction of the Indian Civil Services (ICS):** The Indian Civil Services was established to recruit and train British officials who would administer India. The ICS became the backbone of British administration in India, with British officials holding important positions in the bureaucracy.

**2) Changes in the Army:**

- **Reorganization of the Army:** The British government reorganized the Indian army by reducing the number of Indian soldiers and increasing the proportion of British soldiers. The artillery and cavalry units were mainly composed of British soldiers, while the infantry had a mix of British and Indian soldiers.
- **Strict Discipline:** The British implemented stricter discipline and training measures for the soldiers. They introduced new regulations, including the use of corporal punishment, to maintain control and prevent any future rebellions.
- **Separation of Army and Civilians:** The British government separated the army from the civilian population to avoid any collaboration between the two. Cantonments were established where the soldiers were stationed separately from the civilian areas.
- **Recruitment Changes:** The British government restricted the recruitment of soldiers from certain regions that were considered to be more rebellious, such as Awadh and Bihar. They also introduced a policy of 'no caste and region discrimination' to prevent any unity among the soldiers based on caste or region.

Overall, the rebellion of 1857 led to significant changes in British policies in India. The British government took direct control over India, centralizing the administration and introducing reforms in the army. These changes aimed to strengthen British control and prevent any further uprisings against their rule.

The rulers were permitted to transfer their kingdoms to their heirs, even adopted sons were included in this rule. However, their Sovereign Paramount would be British Queen and Indian rulers were asked to accept the same. The Indian rulers could control their kingdoms but as subordinates to the British Crown.