Key Points on AIDS




1. What is AIDS?
AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, which is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells, which are crucial in fighting off infections. As the immune system weakens, the body becomes more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.

2. Modes of Transmission
HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact with an infected person, sharing needles or syringes with someone who has HIV, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. It is not spread through casual contact like hugging, kissing, or sharing food.

3. Symptoms and Diagnosis
Many people with HIV do not have any symptoms for years. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms may include fever, fatigue, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, and opportunistic infections. A blood test is required to diagnose HIV, as symptoms alone are not enough to confirm the virus.

4. Treatment and Prevention
There is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS, but antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help control the virus and prevent its progression to AIDS. Prevention methods include using condoms during sexual activity, not sharing needles, getting tested regularly, and taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for high-risk individuals.

5. Stigma and Discrimination
Despite advancements in treatment and prevention, stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS persist. It is important to educate others, promote acceptance and understanding, and advocate for the rights of those affected by the disease.