State three features that cell performs?
**Cell Features:**
**1. Cellular Respiration:**
Cellular respiration is a vital process that occurs in cells, allowing them to obtain energy from glucose and other organic molecules. It involves a series of biochemical reactions that convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down through a series of reactions, such as glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. These reactions release energy, which is captured in the form of ATP. The ATP molecules are then utilized by the cell to perform various functions, such as active transport, cell division, muscle contraction, and synthesis of biomolecules.
**2. Protein Synthesis:**
Protein synthesis is another important feature performed by cells. Proteins are essential macromolecules that play crucial roles in the structure, function, and regulation of cells. The process of protein synthesis involves two major steps: transcription and translation.
In transcription, the DNA sequence of a specific gene is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This process occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes.
In translation, the mRNA molecule is used as a template to synthesize a specific protein. This process occurs in the ribosomes, which are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the amino acids to the ribosomes, where they are linked together according to the genetic code carried by the mRNA molecule. The resulting protein is then folded into its functional conformation and can perform its specific role in the cell.
**3. Cell Division:**
Cell division is the process by which cells reproduce and multiply. It is essential for growth, development, and repair of tissues in multicellular organisms. Cell division occurs through two main processes: mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis is the division of a cell into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It is a part of the cell cycle and consists of several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis is responsible for growth and repair of tissues, as well as asexual reproduction in some organisms.
Meiosis, on the other hand, is the division of cells that occurs in the reproductive organs to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells) in sexually reproducing organisms. It involves two rounds of division (meiosis I and meiosis II) and results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. Meiosis ensures genetic diversity in offspring by shuffling and recombining genetic material from both parents.
Overall, these three features - cellular respiration, protein synthesis, and cell division - are fundamental processes that cells perform to maintain their survival, growth, and reproduction.
State three features that cell performs?
It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.
To make sure you are not studying endlessly, EduRev has designed Class 9 study material, with Structured Courses, Videos, & Test Series. Plus get personalized analysis, doubt solving and improvement plans to achieve a great score in Class 9.