Internodes are the sections of a stem or a branch that lie between two nodes, which are the points where the leaves, buds, or branches originate. When it is said that internodes do not elongate and the axis gets condensed, it means that the stem or branch becomes shorter and thicker, and the distance between the nodes decreases. This phenomenon is observed in certain plants during their growth and development.

Explanation:

The process of growth and development in plants is regulated by various hormones, including auxins. Auxins are a class of plant hormones that promote cell elongation and division in the stem and promote the growth of new roots. However, in some plants, such as the cactus, the internodes do not elongate, and the stem becomes shorter and thicker.

This phenomenon is an adaptive response to the arid conditions in which cacti grow. Short and thick stems allow the plant to store water more efficiently, while the reduced distance between the nodes allows the plant to present a smaller surface area for water loss through transpiration. This adaptation allows the plant to survive in dry environments where water is scarce.

In addition to cacti, other plants also exhibit the phenomenon of condensed axis growth. For example, some succulents, such as the jade plant, also have short and thick stems with reduced internode elongation. This adaptation allows them to store water for extended periods and survive in arid conditions.

Conclusion:

In summary, when it is said that internodes do not elongate and the axis gets condensed, it means that the stem or branch becomes shorter and thicker, and the distance between the nodes decreases. This phenomenon is observed in certain plants, such as cacti and some succulents, as an adaptive response to arid conditions.

Internode does not elongate and the axis gets condensed. The apex gives different kinds of floral appendages laterally at successive nodes instead of leaves. It is always solitary when a shoot tip transforms into a flower. The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is known as inflorescence.