Hampi is located in Krishna tungabadhra basin.which formed the nucleus of the vijaynagra empire founded in 1336.No mortar or cementing agent was used in the construction of these wall and the technique followed was to wedge them together by interlocking.The magnificent ruins at Hampi revealed a well fortified city.

Architecture of Hampi

Hampi, located in the Indian state of Karnataka, is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its rich architectural heritage. The architecture of Hampi reflects the artistic and cultural brilliance of the Vijayanagara Empire, which ruled the region from the 14th to the 16th century. Here is an account detailing the architectural features and highlights of Hampi:

1. Temples:
- Hampi is renowned for its numerous temples, which exhibit a blend of various architectural styles including Dravidian and Indo-Islamic influences.
- The Virupaksha Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is one of the most significant temples in Hampi. It features a towering gopuram (gateway tower) adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures.
- The Vittala Temple is another iconic structure in Hampi. It showcases the exceptional craftsmanship of the Vijayanagara artisans, with its elaborate stone chariot, musical pillars, and the famous Stone Chariot.

2. Royal Enclosures:
- The Royal Enclosures in Hampi were the administrative and residential complexes of the Vijayanagara kings.
- The Lotus Mahal, a beautiful two-story structure, served as the summer palace for the royal women. It exhibits a unique blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural elements.
- The Queen's Bath is a well-preserved bathing complex featuring a central pool surrounded by ornate balconies and arches. It showcases a fine example of the Indo-Islamic architectural style.

3. Fortifications:
- The architectural splendor of Hampi also includes its fortified structures, which were built to protect the city from invasions.
- The Hampi Bazaar and the Matanga Hill serve as natural fortifications. The bazaar was a bustling market street, while the hill provided strategic advantage due to its elevated position.
- The massive walls and watchtowers around Hampi, such as the Talarigatta Gate and the Malyavanta Raghunatha Temple, are impressive examples of the defensive architecture of the era.

4. Water Management:
- Hampi's architecture also showcases an advanced water management system that catered to the needs of the city's inhabitants.
- The Pushkarnis, or stepped tanks, were used for religious rituals and served as reservoirs during the dry season.
- The ingenious network of aqueducts and canals allowed water to be transported efficiently across the city, ensuring a reliable water supply.

Overall, the architecture of Hampi is a testament to the grandeur and sophistication of the Vijayanagara Empire. It encompasses magnificent temples, royal enclosures, fortified structures, and advanced water management systems. Exploring these architectural marvels provides a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of Hampi and its historical significance.