Causes of Russian revolution 1917 :

i) Rasputin.
ii) Blood Sunday [9 Jan, 1917].

The Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution was a series of political and social changes that took place in Russia during the early 20th century. It led to the overthrow of the Russian monarchy and the establishment of a communist government under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin. The revolution had a profound impact on Russia and the world, shaping the course of history for years to come. There were several causes that contributed to the outbreak of the Russian Revolution, but two of the most significant ones were:

1. Socioeconomic Inequality and Oppression:
One of the major causes of the Russian Revolution was the extreme socioeconomic inequality and oppression faced by the majority of the Russian population. The Russian society was divided into different classes, with the nobility and the ruling elite enjoying immense wealth and privileges, while the peasants and industrial workers suffered from poverty and exploitation. The peasants were subjected to heavy taxes and had limited access to land, leading to widespread discontent and resentment. The industrial workers, on the other hand, faced long working hours, low wages, and harsh working conditions in the factories. This stark contrast between the rich and the poor created a sense of injustice and fueled revolutionary sentiments among the oppressed masses.

2. Political and Social Repression:
Another significant cause of the Russian Revolution was the political and social repression under the autocratic rule of the Russian monarchy. The Tsar, Nicholas II, held absolute power and had little regard for the rights and welfare of the people. His government was characterized by censorship, political repression, and the denial of basic civil liberties. The secret police, known as the Okhrana, monitored and suppressed any form of dissent or opposition. Political parties and trade unions were banned or tightly controlled, preventing the formation of organized opposition movements. The lack of political freedom and the suppression of dissent created a climate of frustration and anger among the Russian population, pushing them towards revolutionary ideas and actions.

These two causes, socioeconomic inequality and oppression, and political and social repression, were instrumental in fueling the discontent and revolutionary fervor that ultimately led to the Russian Revolution. The revolution marked a turning point in Russian history, overthrowing the oppressive monarchy and paving the way for the establishment of a communist regime. It brought about significant social, political, and economic changes in Russia, but it also had far-reaching consequences for the world, as it inspired and influenced revolutionary movements in other countries.