The logic of geography refers to the understanding that the physical features of the Earth, such as land and water, have a significant impact on the development of human society. This concept helps us understand why certain areas are more populated or why cities tend to develop near rivers and other bodies of water.

Land and Water Attracted Man:
- Land and water are essential resources for human survival. People are naturally attracted to areas where they can find fertile land for agriculture and access to water sources for drinking, irrigation, and transportation.
- Fertile land allows for the cultivation of crops, which can sustain human settlements and lead to the growth of communities. Rivers, lakes, and oceans provide water for various purposes and facilitate trade and transportation.

Why Valleys were Populated:
- Valleys are typically formed by rivers, and they often offer favorable conditions for human settlement. The presence of a river in a valley provides a source of water, fertile soil, and transportation routes.
- The availability of water for irrigation and drinking purposes allows for the cultivation of crops and the establishment of agriculture-based communities.
- The surrounding hills or mountains protect the valley from harsh weather conditions and provide natural resources such as minerals and timber.

Why Cities Ran Along the River:
- Rivers have played a crucial role in the growth and development of civilizations throughout history. They provide a source of freshwater, which is essential for human survival and agriculture.
- Rivers also serve as natural transportation routes, allowing for the exchange of goods and ideas between different communities.
- The fertile soil found along riverbanks is ideal for agriculture, leading to the development of farming communities that eventually grow into cities.
- Additionally, rivers often provide protection and defense for cities, as they can act as natural barriers against invaders.

How Cities are Developed:
- Cities typically develop as a result of economic, social, and political factors. However, geography also plays a significant role in their development.
- Cities often emerge in areas with favorable geographical conditions, such as proximity to natural resources, access to transportation routes, and availability of water.
- The geographical features of an area can influence the economic activities of a city. For example, coastal cities are more likely to engage in maritime trade, while cities near mineral-rich regions may develop mining industries.
- Geography also affects the social and cultural aspects of a city. The physical layout of a city, such as its architecture, street patterns, and public spaces, can be influenced by the surrounding natural features.

In conclusion, the logic of geography helps us understand why certain areas are more populated and why cities tend to develop along rivers and other bodies of water. The availability of land, water, and other geographical features greatly influence human settlement patterns, economic activities, and the overall development of societies.

Correct answers is option 'A'.