Objective of India's Space Programme

India's space programme has been designed with multiple objectives in order to harness the potential of space technology for the benefit of its citizens and the overall development of the nation. The correct answer to the question is option 'D', which means that all of the mentioned objectives are part of India's space programme.

a) Mass Communication and Education via Satellite:

One of the key objectives of India's space programme is to enable mass communication and education through the use of satellites. The Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system, which is a series of multipurpose geostationary satellites, has been instrumental in providing television broadcasting, telecommunication, meteorological, and disaster warning services across the country. These satellites have played a significant role in bridging the digital divide and reaching remote areas with educational and informational content.

b) Survey and Management of Natural Resources:

Another important objective of India's space programme is to conduct surveys and effectively manage the country's natural resources. The Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites have been employed to monitor various aspects of the Earth's surface, including land use, vegetation, water resources, and mineral deposits. This information is crucial for resource planning, environmental management, and disaster management.

c) Development of Indigenous Satellites and Satellite Launch Vehicles:

India's space programme aims to develop indigenous satellites and satellite launch vehicles, reducing dependence on foreign technology and ensuring self-reliance. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully developed and launched numerous satellites, such as INSAT, IRS, and the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). Additionally, the development of satellite launch vehicles like the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) has been a significant achievement, enabling India to launch its satellites into space.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the objective of India's space programme encompasses mass communication and education via satellite, survey and management of natural resources, as well as the development of indigenous satellites and satellite launch vehicles. These objectives have contributed to the overall socio-economic development of the country, technological advancements, and strengthening of India's position in the global space arena.