Demultiplexers, also known as demux, are digital circuits that allow the conversion of a single input signal into multiple output signals. They are the opposite of multiplexers, which combine multiple input signals into a single output signal. Demultiplexers play a crucial role in digital systems that require the distribution of a single input signal to multiple output signals.

a) Single input, multiple outputs:
The correct answer is option 'A', which states that most demultiplexers facilitate single input, multiple outputs conversion. This means that demultiplexers take a single input signal and distribute it to multiple output signals based on the control inputs. The number of output signals is typically determined by the number of output lines on the demultiplexer.

How demultiplexers work:
Demultiplexers have two main components: input lines, which receive the input signal, and output lines, which transmit the output signals. The demultiplexer also has control inputs that determine which output line the input signal should be directed to.

When the control inputs of a demultiplexer are set to a specific configuration, the input signal is routed to the corresponding output line. The demultiplexer essentially acts as a switch, allowing the input signal to pass through to the selected output line.

Applications of demultiplexers:
Demultiplexers find various applications in digital systems, including:

1. Data distribution: Demultiplexers are commonly used to distribute data from a single source to multiple destinations. For example, in a computer memory system, a demultiplexer is used to distribute the data stored in a memory module to different memory banks.

2. Address decoding: Demultiplexers are often used in address decoding circuits, where they help select specific memory locations or peripheral devices based on the address inputs. By using a demultiplexer, the address bus can be connected to the desired memory or device based on the control inputs.

3. Display control: Demultiplexers can be utilized in driving multiple segments of a display, such as a seven-segment display. By using a demultiplexer, the input signal representing the desired segment can be directed to the corresponding output line, illuminating the desired segment.

In conclusion, demultiplexers are digital circuits that enable the conversion of a single input signal into multiple output signals. They find widespread use in various digital systems for data distribution, address decoding, and display control. The correct answer to the question is option 'A', as most demultiplexers facilitate single input, multiple outputs conversion.