A solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% (w/w) the density of...
1. Molality:
Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. To calculate molality, we need to determine the number of moles of glucose and the mass of water.
Given:
Percentage concentration of glucose = 10% (w/w)
Density of the solution = 1.20 g/mL
Since the percentage concentration is given in terms of weight/weight (w/w), it means that for every 100 grams of the solution, 10 grams is glucose and 90 grams is water.
Let's assume we have 100 g of the solution. Therefore, the mass of glucose (solute) is 10 g and the mass of water (solvent) is 90 g.
Next, we need to convert the mass of glucose to moles. To do this, we divide the mass of glucose by its molar mass. The molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6) is 180 g/mol.
Number of moles of glucose = 10 g / 180 g/mol = 0.0556 mol
Now, we calculate the molality using the formula:
Molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)
Mass of water (solvent) = 90 g = 0.09 kg
Molality = 0.0556 mol / 0.09 kg = 0.617 mol/kg
Therefore, the molality of the solution is 0.617 mol/kg.
2. Molarity:
Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To calculate molarity, we need to determine the number of moles of glucose and the volume of the solution.
Given:
Percentage concentration of glucose = 10% (w/w)
Density of the solution = 1.20 g/mL
Since the percentage concentration is given in terms of weight/weight (w/w), it means that for every 100 grams of the solution, 10 grams is glucose and 90 grams is water.
Let's assume we have 100 mL of the solution. Therefore, the mass of the solution is 120 g (100 mL x 1.20 g/mL).
The mass of glucose (solute) is 10 g. To convert this to moles, we divide the mass by the molar mass of glucose (180 g/mol).
Number of moles of glucose = 10 g / 180 g/mol = 0.0556 mol
Now, we calculate the molarity using the formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (in L)
Volume of solution = 100 mL = 0.1 L
Molarity = 0.0556 mol / 0.1 L = 0.556 M
Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.556 M.
3. Mole Fraction:
Mole fraction is defined as the ratio of moles of a component to the total moles of all components in the solution.
To calculate the mole fraction of each component (glucose and water), we first need to determine the moles of each component.
Given:
Percentage concentration of glucose = 10% (w/w)
Density of the solution = 1.20 g/mL
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