Explanation:


Magnetic susceptibility is a measure of the extent to which a material can be magnetized by an external magnetic field. It is defined as the ratio of the magnetic moment per unit volume to the magnetic field intensity. The relative permeability of a material is the ratio of its magnetic permeability to the magnetic permeability of free space. It is a dimensionless quantity.


Ferromagnetic Materials:


Ferromagnetic materials have a relative permeability much larger than 1. They are materials that exhibit strong spontaneous magnetization. These materials have an intrinsic magnetic moment due to the alignment of their atomic magnetic moments. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the moments are randomly oriented, and the net magnetization is zero. However, in the presence of an external magnetic field, the moments align themselves with the field, and the material becomes magnetized. The magnetization remains even after the external field is removed. Examples of ferromagnetic materials include iron, nickel, and cobalt.


Paramagnetic Materials:


Paramagnetic materials have a relative permeability slightly larger than 1. They are materials that exhibit weak induced magnetization in the presence of an external magnetic field. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the atomic magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the net magnetization is zero. However, in the presence of an external magnetic field, the moments align themselves with the field, and the material becomes weakly magnetized. Examples of paramagnetic materials include aluminum, platinum, and titanium.


Diamagnetic Materials:


Diamagnetic materials have a relative permeability slightly less than 1. They are materials that exhibit weak induced magnetization in the presence of an external magnetic field, but in the opposite direction of the field. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the atomic magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the net magnetization is zero. Examples of diamagnetic materials include copper, gold, and silver.


Ferrimagnetic Materials:


Ferrimagnetic materials have a relative permeability much larger than 1. They are materials that exhibit magnetic ordering, but the magnetic moments are not completely aligned with each other. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the net magnetization is zero. However, in the presence of an external magnetic field, the magnetic moments align themselves with the field, and the material becomes weakly magnetized. Examples of ferrimagnetic materials include magnetite and ferrites.