Which of the following is the least soluble in water?a)n-Butyl alcohol...
Explanation:
Solubility of alcohols in water depends on the size of the alcohol molecule, polarity, and hydrogen bonding. The larger the alcohol molecule, the less soluble it is in water. The longer the hydrocarbon chain, the less soluble the alcohol is in water. This is because longer hydrocarbon chains have greater London dispersion forces than shorter chains, and London dispersion forces are weaker than hydrogen bonding.
n-Butyl alcohol, n-Pentyl alcohol, and n-Hexyl alcohol are all soluble in water due to the presence of hydrogen bonding between the alcohol and water molecules. However, n-Heptyl alcohol has a longer hydrocarbon chain, which makes it less soluble in water due to weaker London dispersion forces.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B', n-Heptyl alcohol, which is the least soluble in water.
Which of the following is the least soluble in water?a)n-Butyl alcohol...
As the size of the alkyl group becomes larger, it prevents the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules and hence the solubility goes on decreasing with the increase in the size or mass of the compound.