Statement 1: The compressive strength of concrete decreases with an increase in the water-cement ratio of the concrete mix.

Concrete is a composite material composed of cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water. The water-cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement in a concrete mix. It is an important factor that affects the properties of concrete, including its compressive strength.

Explanation:
- Compressive strength is the ability of concrete to withstand loads that tend to compress it. It is one of the most important properties of concrete, especially in structural applications.
- The water-cement ratio has a significant influence on the compressive strength of concrete. As the water-cement ratio increases, the amount of water in the mix increases relative to the amount of cement. This leads to several effects on the concrete's strength:
- Increased porosity: A higher water-cement ratio increases the porosity of the concrete, meaning there are more voids or empty spaces in the material. This reduces the density and overall strength of the concrete.
- Weaker cement paste: The excess water in the mix weakens the cement paste, which is the binding material that holds the aggregates together. This weakens the overall strength of the concrete.
- Reduced hydration: The excess water in the mix dilutes the concentration of cement particles, making it more difficult for them to react and form strong bonds during the hydration process. This leads to reduced strength development.
- Therefore, it is true that the compressive strength of concrete decreases with an increase in the water-cement ratio of the concrete mix.

Statement 2: Water is added to the concrete mix for hydration of cement and workability.

Explanation:
- Water plays a crucial role in the production of concrete. It is added to the mix for two main reasons: hydration of cement and workability.
- Hydration of cement: When water is added to cement, a chemical reaction called hydration takes place. This reaction causes the cement particles to react with water molecules, forming a strong and durable solid known as hydrated cement paste. This paste binds the aggregates together, giving the concrete its strength and durability.
- Workability: Workability refers to the ease with which concrete can be mixed, transported, placed, and compacted. The addition of water to the mix improves the workability of concrete by making it more fluid and easier to handle. This allows the concrete to be properly placed and compacted in the desired shape.
- Therefore, it is true that water is added to the concrete mix for hydration of cement and workability.

Statement 3: Creep and shrinkage of concrete are independent of the water-cement ratio in the concrete mix.

Explanation:
- Creep and shrinkage are two time-dependent deformations that occur in concrete over a period of time.
- Creep refers to the gradual deformation or movement of concrete under sustained loading. It occurs due to the viscoelastic nature of concrete, where the material continues to deform over time even when the load remains constant.
- Shrinkage, on the other hand, refers to the reduction in volume of concrete due to the loss of moisture. As the concrete dries and the water evaporates, the material shrinks, leading to potential cracking and dimensional changes.
- Both creep and shrinkage are influenced by various