Answer:
The correct answer is Quartzite. Quartzite is a metamorphic rock that forms from the metamorphosis of sandstone. Here is a detailed explanation:
Metamorphism:
Metamorphism is the process by which rocks undergo changes in mineralogy, texture, or chemical composition due to high temperatures and pressures. It occurs deep within the Earth's crust, usually in regions of tectonic activity.
Sandstone:
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains. It is formed by the deposition and lithification of sand particles.
Metamorphosis of Sandstone:
When sandstone undergoes metamorphism, it transforms into a new rock called quartzite. This transformation occurs due to the recrystallization of the sand grains under high temperatures and pressures. The original sand grains fuse together, and the rock becomes more compact and hard.
Characteristics of Quartzite:
- Quartzite is composed primarily of quartz, which is a mineral made up of silicon and oxygen.
- It has a granular texture and often exhibits a sugary appearance.
- Quartzite is usually light-colored, ranging from white to gray, but it can also occur in shades of pink, red, or yellow.
- It is a very hard and durable rock, making it suitable for various construction purposes.
Other Options:
- Slate: Slate is a metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphosis of shale or mudstone, not sandstone.
- Minerals: Minerals are not rocks but are naturally occurring substances with a defined chemical composition and crystal structure.
- Wood: Wood is an organic material derived from plants and is not formed by the metamorphosis of sandstone.
In conclusion, the rock formed by the metamorphosis of sandstone is Quartzite.