Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The sequence of bases in m-RNA are read in a serial order in groups of three at a time. Each triplet of nucleotides (having a specific sequence of bases) is known as codon. Each codon specifies one amino acid. Many amino acids have more than one codons. The amino acids are brought to the mRNA by another type of RNA and called tRNA. Each amino acid has atleast one corresponding tRNA. At one end of the tRNA molecule is a trinucleotide base sequence that is complementary to some trinucleotide base sequence on mRNA.Q. Each triplet of nucleotides is called:a)Anticodonb)Codonc)mRNAd)tRNACorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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The sequence of bases in m-RNA are read in a serial order in groups of three at a time. Each triplet of nucleotides (having a specific sequence of bases) is known as codon. Each codon specifies one amino acid. Many amino acids have more than one codons. The amino acids are brought to the mRNA by another type of RNA and called tRNA. Each amino acid has atleast one corresponding tRNA. At one end of the tRNA molecule is a trinucleotide base sequence that is complementary to some trinucleotide base sequence on mRNA.

Q. Each triplet of nucleotides is called:

a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA

Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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Each triplet of nucleotides, which have a specific sequence of bases, is called codon.

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Triplet of Nucleotides - Codon

A triplet of nucleotides in mRNA is called a codon. Codons are read in groups of three at a time, and each codon specifies one amino acid. This specific sequence of bases in a codon determines which amino acid will be added to the growing protein chain during translation.

Role of tRNA

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for carrying the correct amino acid to the ribosome based on the codon sequence in mRNA. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon region at one end, which is complementary to the codon on mRNA. This complementary base pairing ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

Multiple Codons for One Amino Acid

It is important to note that some amino acids can be specified by more than one codon. This redundancy in the genetic code is known as degeneracy. For example, the amino acid leucine is encoded by six different codons. This redundancy helps protect against errors in protein synthesis and allows for greater flexibility in the genetic code.

In conclusion, a triplet of nucleotides in mRNA is called a codon, which specifies a particular amino acid. tRNA molecules play a crucial role in bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome based on the codon sequence in mRNA. The redundancy in the genetic code allows for flexibility and accuracy in protein synthesis.

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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The sequence of bases in m-RNA are read in a serial order in groups of three at a time. Each triplet of nucleotides (having a specific sequence of bases) is known as codon. Each codon specifies one amino acid. Many amino acids have more than one codons. The amino acids are brought to the mRNA by another type of RNA and called tRNA. Each amino acid has atleast one corresponding tRNA. At one end of the tRNA molecule is a trinucleotide base sequence that is complementary to some trinucleotide base sequence on mRNA.Q. In mRNA, the complementary bases of AAT is

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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:EVIDENCE FOR THE FIBROUS NATURE OF DNAThe basic chemical formula of DNA is now well established. As shown in Figure 1 it consists of a very long chain, the backbone of which is made up of alternate sugar and phosphate groups, joined together in regular 3’ 5’ phosphate di-ester linkages. To each sugar is attached a nitrogenous base, only four different kinds of which are commonly found in DNA. Two of these---adenine and guanine--- are purines, and the other two thymine and cytosine-are pyrimidines. A fifth base, 5-methyl cytosine, occurs in smaller amounts in certain organisms, and a sixth, 5-hydroxy-methyl-cytosine, is found instead of cytosine in the T even phages. It should be noted that the chain is unbranched, a consequence of the regular internucleotide linkage. On the other hand the sequence of the different nucleotides is, as far as can be ascertained,completely irregular. Thus, DNA has some features which are regular, and some which are irregular. A similar conception of the DNA molecule as a long thin fiber is obtained from physicochemical analysis involving sedimentation, diffusion, light scattering, and viscosity measurements. These techniques indicate that DNA is a very asymmetrical structure approximately 20 A wide and many thousands of angstroms long. Estimates of its molecular weight currently center between 5 X106 and X107 (approximately 3 X104 nucleotides). Surprisingly each of these measurements tend to suggest that the DNA is relatively rigid, a puzzling finding in view of the large number of single bonds (5 per nucleotid e) in the phosphate-sugar back bone. Recently these indirect inferences have been confirmed by electron microscopy.Q. DNA molecule has _ internucleotide linkage and sequence of the different nucleotides

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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The sequence of bases in m-RNA are read in a serial order in groups of three at a time. Each triplet of nucleotides (having a specific sequence of bases) is known as codon. Each codon specifies one amino acid. Many amino acids have more than one codons. The amino acids are brought to the mRNA by another type of RNA and called tRNA. Each amino acid has atleast one corresponding tRNA. At one end of the tRNA molecule is a trinucleotide base sequence that is complementary to some trinucleotide base sequence on mRNA.Q. Each triplet of nucleotides is called:a)Anticodonb)Codonc)mRNAd)tRNACorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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