Detritus food chain

The correct answer is option 'B' - detritus food chain.

In a detritus food chain, micro-organisms play a crucial role in breaking down the organic matter produced by primary producers such as plants and algae. This process of decomposition involves the breakdown of dead organic material, including plant and animal remains, into simpler inorganic substances. The detritus food chain is an important component of the ecosystem as it recycles nutrients and energy.

Explanation:

1. What is a detritus food chain?
A detritus food chain is a type of food chain that begins with dead organic matter, or detritus, and involves the decomposition of this material by micro-organisms. It is also known as a decomposer food chain.

2. Primary producers in a detritus food chain:
The primary producers in a detritus food chain are plants and algae, which produce organic matter through photosynthesis. This organic matter serves as a source of energy for other organisms in the food chain.

3. Role of micro-organisms:
Micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi are responsible for breaking down the organic matter into simpler substances. They secrete enzymes that help in the process of decomposition.

4. Decomposition process:
During decomposition, micro-organisms break down complex organic molecules into simpler compounds such as carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic nutrients. These substances are then released into the environment and can be utilized by other organisms.

5. Consumers in a detritus food chain:
Consumers in a detritus food chain are organisms that directly or indirectly feed on the decomposed organic matter. They include detritivores, which feed on the detritus itself, and secondary consumers, which feed on detritivores.

6. Nutrient recycling:
The detritus food chain plays a vital role in nutrient recycling within ecosystems. By breaking down organic matter, micro-organisms release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium back into the environment. These nutrients can then be taken up by primary producers, completing the nutrient cycle.

7. Importance of the detritus food chain:
The detritus food chain is essential for maintaining the health and stability of ecosystems. It helps to recycle nutrients, regulate the decomposition of organic matter, and supports the growth of primary producers.

In conclusion, the detritus food chain involves the breakdown of organic matter by micro-organisms, starting from primary producers. It plays a vital role in nutrient recycling and is crucial for the functioning of ecosystems.