Which of the following statements about Rutherford’s model of at...
Rutherford's model of atoms considered the nucleus as a positively charged center, similar to the sun in the solar system. He also established that alpha particles (a-particles) are four times as heavy as a hydrogen atom. However, Rutherford's model was not in agreement with Thomson's model, which proposed that atoms are made up of a diffuse cloud of positive charge. Instead, Rutherford's model proposed that most of the mass and positive charge of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus, with the electrons orbiting around it. So, the statement (i) and (iii) are correct.
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Which of the following statements about Rutherford’s model of at...
Is/are true?
1. Rutherford discovered the nucleus of an atom.
2. Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom.
3. Rutherford's experiments confirmed the plum pudding model of the atom.
4. Rutherford's work on radioactivity earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Statement 1: True. Rutherford is credited with discovering the nucleus of an atom. In his experiments, he observed that most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small, dense region called the nucleus.
Statement 2: True. Rutherford's gold foil experiment involved firing alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil. The unexpected results of the experiment, where some particles were deflected or bounced back, led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom, which proposed that atoms have a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space.
Statement 3: False. Rutherford's experiments actually disproved the plum pudding model of the atom, which proposed that the positive charge and electrons were evenly distributed throughout the atom. The deflection of alpha particles in Rutherford's experiment indicated the presence of a small, positively charged nucleus.
Statement 4: True. Rutherford's work on radioactivity, including his experiments on alpha particles, led to a better understanding of atomic structure and earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908.
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