Entropy is a measure of degree of randomness. Entropy is directly pro...
Boiling of egg leads to denaturation of proteins which has random coil structure. Hence, ΔS = +ve.
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Entropy is a measure of degree of randomness. Entropy is directly pro...
Answer:
To determine which process has a change in entropy (S) equal to zero, we need to understand the concept of entropy and its relationship with randomness and disorder.
1. Entropy:
- Entropy is a measure of the degree of randomness or disorder in a system.
- It quantifies the number of possible arrangements or microstates that a system can have.
- The higher the entropy, the greater the degree of randomness or disorder in the system.
2. Relationship between Entropy and Temperature:
- Entropy is directly proportional to temperature.
- As the temperature increases, the entropy also increases.
- This is because at higher temperatures, the particles in the system have more energy and are more likely to be in a greater number of possible arrangements, increasing the randomness or disorder.
3. Unavailable Energy and Entropy:
- Unavailable energy is the energy that cannot be used to do work.
- It is directly related to entropy and temperature.
- The equation for unavailable energy is: Unavailable energy = Entropy × Temperature.
4. Entropy of Vaporization and Boiling Point:
- The ratio of the entropy of vaporization to the boiling point of a substance remains almost constant.
- This means that the change in entropy during vaporization is relatively constant compared to the boiling point of the substance.
Analysis of the Options:
(i) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g)
- This is a chemical reaction where hydrogen gas and chlorine gas combine to form hydrogen chloride gas.
- The reaction involves a change in the arrangement and bonding of the particles, leading to an increase in randomness or disorder.
- Therefore, the entropy change is not zero.
(ii) Boiling of an egg
- Boiling an egg involves the conversion of liquid egg white and yolk into a solid state.
- The change in state from liquid to solid does not involve a significant change in the arrangement or randomness of the particles.
- Therefore, the entropy change is close to zero.
(iii) Crystallization of Sugar
- Crystallization of sugar involves the formation of regular, repeating patterns of sugar molecules.
- This leads to a decrease in randomness or disorder, resulting in a decrease in entropy.
- Therefore, the entropy change is not zero.
(iv) Formation of Complex Compound
- The formation of a complex compound can involve various reactions and rearrangements of particles.
- This usually leads to an increase in randomness or disorder, resulting in an increase in entropy.
- Therefore, the entropy change is not zero.
Conclusion:
- Among the given options, the boiling of an egg has the entropy change closest to zero.
- This is because the change in state from liquid to solid during the boiling process does not involve a significant change in the arrangement or randomness of the particles, leading to a minimal change in entropy.
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