Exponents of State Oriented Definition of Political Science:

There are two prominent exponents of the state-oriented definition of political science: Aristotle and Bodin. Let's discuss each of them in detail:

Aristotle:
- Aristotle, a Greek philosopher and one of the most influential thinkers in the field of political science, viewed the state as the highest form of political association. He emphasized the importance of studying political science by focusing on the state as the fundamental unit of analysis.
- According to Aristotle, the state is a natural institution that exists for the purpose of promoting the common good. He believed that human beings are political animals who naturally seek to live in organized communities governed by laws.
- Aristotle argued that the state has a specific purpose, which is to cultivate virtue and create conditions for the flourishing of its citizens. He believed that the state should be organized based on a constitution that reflects the principles of justice and equality.
- Aristotle's state-oriented definition of political science is based on the idea that the study of politics should be centered around the analysis of different forms of government and their effectiveness in achieving the common good.
- He classified different forms of government into three main types: monarchy, aristocracy, and polity. He also discussed their corresponding perversions: tyranny, oligarchy, and democracy. According to Aristotle, the best form of government is a polity, which is a mixture of democracy and oligarchy.
- Aristotle's state-oriented approach to political science laid the groundwork for subsequent thinkers and scholars to study the state as the central focus of their analysis.

Bodin:
- Jean Bodin, a French political philosopher of the 16th century, is another exponent of the state-oriented definition of political science. He is known for his work "Six Books of the Commonwealth," where he emphasized the importance of the state in political analysis.
- Bodin argued that political science should primarily focus on the study of the state and its institutions. He believed that the state is a sovereign entity that exercises ultimate authority within a defined territory.
- According to Bodin, the state possesses absolute sovereignty, which means that it has the power to make and enforce laws without any external interference. He rejected the idea of shared sovereignty or divided powers.
- Bodin's state-oriented definition of political science influenced the development of the modern state system and the concept of sovereignty. His work provided a theoretical foundation for understanding the nature and role of the state in political affairs.
- Bodin's emphasis on the state as the primary unit of analysis in political science has shaped the way scholars and researchers approach the study of politics, particularly in the fields of comparative politics and international relations.

Overall, both Aristotle and Bodin are important exponents of the state-oriented definition of political science. They emphasized the significance of studying the state as a central unit of analysis and laid the foundation for understanding the role of the state in political affairs.