Answer:

The correct answer is option 'C' - the base of the tank.

Explanation:
When the tank is moving vertically, the pressure exerted on its components depends on the depth of the liquid and the density of the liquid.

Pressure in a Liquid:
In a liquid, pressure is exerted equally in all directions. This is known as Pascal's law. The pressure at any point in a liquid is given by the formula:

P = ρgh

Where:
- P is the pressure
- ρ is the density of the liquid
- g is the acceleration due to gravity
- h is the depth of the liquid

Pressure Distribution in a Vertical Tank:
When a tank is moving vertically, the liquid inside the tank experiences an acceleration. This acceleration affects the pressure distribution within the tank.

- The pressure increases with depth. The deeper the liquid, the higher the pressure.
- The pressure at the bottom of the tank is higher than the pressure at the top of the tank.

Components of the Tank:
Now let's analyze the components of the tank to determine which one is subjected to maximum total pressure when the tank is moving vertically.

a) Lower part of vertical walls: The pressure on the lower part of the vertical walls increases with depth, but it is not the highest pressure in the tank.

b) Higher part of vertical walls: The pressure on the higher part of the vertical walls decreases with depth, so it is not the highest pressure either.

c) Base: The base of the tank is at the lowest depth, so it experiences the highest pressure. The pressure at the base is maximum because it is directly proportional to the depth of the liquid.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - the base of the tank is subjected to maximum total pressure when the tank is moving vertically.

Conclusion:
In a vertically moving tank, the base of the tank is subjected to maximum total pressure due to the higher depth of the liquid.