Ratio of Gravitational Force to Electrostatic Force between Two Electrons

Explanation:

Gravitational Force (Fg) between Two Electrons:
- The gravitational force between two electrons can be calculated using Newton's law of universal gravitation.
- The formula for gravitational force is Fg = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2, where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the electrons, and r is the distance between them.
- Since electrons have very small masses, the gravitational force between them is extremely weak compared to the electrostatic force.

Electrostatic Force (Fe) between Two Electrons:
- The electrostatic force between two electrons is given by Coulomb's law.
- The formula for electrostatic force is Fe = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2, where k is the Coulomb constant, q1 and q2 are the charges of the electrons, and r is the distance between them.
- Electrons have negative charges, so they repel each other due to the electrostatic force.

Ratio of Fg to Fe:
- The ratio of gravitational force to electrostatic force between two electrons is approximately 10^-42.
- This means that the electrostatic force between electrons is about 10^42 times stronger than the gravitational force acting between them.
- The difference in magnitude between these two forces is due to the fact that the charge of electrons is much greater than their mass.

Conclusion:
- In conclusion, the ratio of Fg to Fe between two electrons is of the order of 10^-42, highlighting the significant difference in strength between the gravitational and electrostatic forces at the atomic level.