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______ adopted ‘One Child Policy ’ as a measure to control population.
  • a)
    India
  • b)
    Pakistan
  • c)
    China
  • d)
    Russia
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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______ adopted ‘One Child Policy ’ as a measure to control population...
One-child policy, official program initiated in the late 1970s and early '80s by the central government of China, the purpose of which was to limit the great majority of family units in the country to one child each.
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______ adopted ‘One Child Policy ’ as a measure to control population...
The correct answer is option 'C' - China.

Explanation:

In an effort to control its rapidly growing population, China adopted the 'One Child Policy' in 1979. The policy was implemented by the Chinese government as a measure to tackle the overpopulation crisis and its associated problems.


Implementation:


  • The policy limited most urban couples to having only one child, while rural couples were allowed to have a second child if their first child was a girl.

  • Exceptions were also made for certain ethnic minorities and couples who were both only children themselves.



Reasons for Adoption:

The decision to implement the 'One Child Policy' was primarily motivated by concerns over China's rapidly growing population and the strain it was putting on the country's resources, environment, and economy. The government believed that population control was crucial for social and economic development.


Impact:


  • The policy had a significant impact on China's population growth rate, effectively slowing it down.

  • It is estimated that the policy prevented around 400 million births between 1979 and 2015.

  • However, the policy also had unintended consequences, such as a gender imbalance due to a preference for male children and an aging population.

  • In recent years, China has relaxed the policy and has adopted a 'Two Child Policy' in 2016, allowing all couples to have two children.



Conclusion:

China adopted the 'One Child Policy' as a measure to control its population growth. While it achieved its intended goal of slowing down population growth, it also had unintended consequences. The policy was later relaxed, and China now allows couples to have two children.
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Read the following case study paragraph carefully and answer the question based on the same.The central bank of India i.e. Reserve Bank of India is the apex institution that controls the entire financial market. It’s one of the major functions is to maintain the reserve of foreign exchange. Also, it intervenes in the foreign exchange market to stabilize the excessive fluctuation in the foreign exchange rate.In other words, it is the central bank’s job to control a country’s economy through monetary policy; if the economy is moving slowly or going backward, there are steps that the central bank can take to boost the economy. These steps, whether they are asset purchases or printing more money, all involve injecting more cash into the economy. The simple supply and demand economic projection occurs and currency will devalue.When the opposite occurs, and the economy is growing, the central bank will use various methods to keep that growth steady and in-line with other economic factors such as wages and prices. Whatever the central bank does or doesn’t do, will affect the currency of that country. Sometimes, it is within the central bank’s interest to purposefully affect the value of a currency. For example, if the economy is heavily reliant on exports and their currency value becomes too high, importers of that country’s commodities will seek cheaper supply; hence directly affecting the economy.Q. Which of the following tools are used by the central bank to control the flow of money in the domestic economy?

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______ adopted ‘One Child Policy ’ as a measure to control population.a)Indiab)Pakistanc)Chinad)RussiaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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