The Sarvodaya Movement was indeed started by Jayprakash Narayan, making option 'B' the correct answer. Let's delve into the details of this movement and its significance.

The Sarvodaya Movement:

The Sarvodaya Movement was a socio-economic and political movement that originated in India during the early 20th century. The term "Sarvodaya" translates to "the welfare of all" or "universal upliftment" in Sanskrit. The movement aimed to uplift the marginalized and oppressed sections of society by promoting social justice, equality, and non-violence.

Jayprakash Narayan:

Jayprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP, was a prominent freedom fighter, social reformer, and political leader in India. He played a significant role in India's independence struggle and was known for his commitment to democratic values and social justice.

Role of Jayprakash Narayan in the Sarvodaya Movement:

Jayprakash Narayan was deeply influenced by the principles of Mahatma Gandhi, particularly his emphasis on non-violence and the welfare of all. He became a key proponent of the Sarvodaya Movement and played a crucial role in its development and popularization.

Key Principles of the Sarvodaya Movement:

1. Gandhian Philosophy: The Sarvodaya Movement was rooted in Gandhian philosophy, which emphasized the principles of non-violence, self-sufficiency, and decentralized governance.

2. Gram Swaraj: The movement advocated for the empowerment of local self-governance bodies at the village level, promoting the idea of Gram Swaraj or village self-rule. It aimed to decentralize power and decision-making, giving autonomy to local communities.

3. Voluntary Simplicity: The Sarvodaya Movement promoted a simple and frugal way of life, encouraging individuals to focus on essential needs and reduce materialistic desires. It emphasized the importance of self-discipline and self-restraint.

4. Social Equality and Justice: The movement aimed to eradicate social inequalities based on caste, class, and gender. It advocated for equal opportunities, rights, and dignity for all individuals, regardless of their social background.

5. Land Reforms: The Sarvodaya Movement emphasized the need for land reforms to address the unequal distribution of land. It advocated for the redistribution of land to landless farmers and agricultural laborers.

Impact and Legacy:

The Sarvodaya Movement played a crucial role in inspiring and mobilizing grassroots movements for social change in India. It influenced various socio-political movements and organizations, such as the Bhoodan Movement led by Vinoba Bhave. The movement's principles of non-violence, social justice, and decentralized governance continue to hold relevance in contemporary India.

In conclusion, the Sarvodaya Movement was started by Jayprakash Narayan, who played a significant role in promoting its principles and ideals. The movement aimed to uplift the marginalized sections of society, emphasizing non-violence, social justice, and decentralized governance.