Explanation of the answer:Perfect complements are two goods that are consumed together in fixed proportions. An example of perfect complements is left and right shoes. The indifference curve for perfect complements is:L-shaped- The indifference curve for perfect complements has a right angle, forming an L shape.- This is because the consumer is only willing to consume these goods in fixed proportions.- Any increase in one good without an equal increase in the other would not lead to an increase in utility.- As a result, the consumer's utility remains constant along the L-shaped indifference curve.

L-shaped

- When two goods are perfect complements, the indifference curve takes on an L-shaped form. This means that the shape of the curve resembles the letter "L" when graphed on a two-dimensional graph.
- The L-shaped indifference curve indicates that the consumer's preferences are such that they require a fixed ratio of the two goods to achieve satisfaction. In other words, the consumer has a specific quantity of one good that they need to consume in order to consume a unit of the other good.
- To understand why the indifference curve is L-shaped, let's consider an example of a consumer who needs one unit of good A for every unit of good B. If the consumer does not have enough of good A, they will not be able to consume any of good B, and vice versa. This fixed ratio creates the L-shape on the indifference curve.
- Graphically, the L-shaped indifference curve is characterized by a vertical and horizontal segment. The vertical segment represents the range where the consumer consumes only one good, while the horizontal segment represents the range where the consumer consumes only the other good. The point where the two segments connect is the point of maximum satisfaction or utility for the consumer.
- It is important to note that the L-shaped indifference curve is specific to perfect complementary goods. In other cases, such as perfect substitutes or goods with different degrees of substitutability or complementarity, the shape of the indifference curve will differ.
- The L-shaped indifference curve is useful in analyzing consumer behavior and understanding how changes in prices or income affect consumer choices. By examining the shape and position of the indifference curve, economists can make predictions about consumer preferences and demand patterns.

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