**Kharif Crops**

Kharif crops are crops that are sown in the monsoon season and harvested in the winter season. These crops require a good amount of rainfall for their growth and development. In India, kharif crops are usually sown between June and July and harvested between September and October. They play a significant role in the agricultural economy of the country. Here are two examples of kharif crops:

**1. Paddy (Rice):**
Paddy is one of the major kharif crops grown in India. It requires a hot and humid climate with a temperature range of 25-35 degrees Celsius and an average rainfall of around 150 cm. Paddy cultivation is mainly carried out in the states of West Bengal, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. It is grown in both irrigated and rainfed areas.

**Cultivation of Paddy:**
- Land Preparation: The land is plowed, leveled, and puddled to make it suitable for paddy cultivation.
- Sowing: Paddy seeds are sown directly into the prepared field or in nurseries and then transplanted later.
- Irrigation: Continuous water supply is essential for paddy cultivation. It is either done through rainfall or through irrigation methods like flooding or sprinklers.
- Weeding and Pest Control: Weeds are removed manually or using herbicides, and pests are controlled through appropriate measures.
- Harvesting: Paddy is harvested when the grains are fully matured. It is usually done manually by cutting the plants close to the ground.

**2. Maize (Corn):**
Maize is another important kharif crop grown in India. It is a warm-season crop that requires a temperature range of 21-27 degrees Celsius and an average rainfall of around 75-100 cm. Maize cultivation is prevalent in states like Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh.

**Cultivation of Maize:**
- Land Preparation: The land is plowed, leveled, and made free from weeds and debris.
- Sowing: Maize seeds are sown directly into the prepared field at a depth of 5-6 cm.
- Irrigation: Adequate moisture is required for maize cultivation. It is either done through rainfall or through irrigation methods like drip irrigation or furrow irrigation.
- Fertilization: Maize plants require proper nutrient supply. Fertilizers rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are applied accordingly.
- Harvesting: Maize is harvested when the grains are fully matured and the moisture content is around 20%. The plants are cut close to the ground using sickles or machines.

In conclusion, paddy and maize are two examples of kharif crops in India. These crops are essential for the agricultural sector and contribute significantly to the country's economy. The cultivation process involves various steps, including land preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilization, and harvesting. Proper management and care are necessary to ensure a successful crop yield.

Option ''a'' is a right