Water is the following substances ,which shows three states of matter

1)Solid - Ice
2) Liquid - Water
3) Gas - Vapour

States of Matter

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It exists in different forms called states of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas. Some substances can exist in all three states depending on the temperature and pressure conditions.

Explanation:

Water:
Water is a substance that can exist in all three states of matter. At room temperature, water can be in the liquid state, which is the most common state we encounter. When water is heated to its boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius, it changes into a gaseous state called water vapor or steam. On the other hand, when water is cooled below its freezing point of 0 degrees Celsius, it transforms into a solid state called ice.

Balloon:
A balloon is not a substance but rather a container made of rubber or latex. It does not have different states of matter. The air inside the balloon, however, can exist in all three states depending on the temperature and pressure conditions.

Butter:
Butter is a type of fat that is typically solid at room temperature. It does not change its state of matter under normal conditions. However, if heated to a high temperature, butter can melt and become a liquid.

Oil:
Oil is a liquid substance that does not solidify at room temperature. It remains in the liquid state even at low temperatures. However, when exposed to very low temperatures, some oils can become more viscous or thickened.

Conclusion:
Among the given substances, only water shows all three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas. While the balloon is not a substance, the air inside it can exist in all three states. Butter remains in the solid state at room temperature and oil remains in the liquid state.