The correct answer is option 'c) Government of India Act, 1935'. The distribution of powers between the Centre and States in the Indian Constitution is based on the scheme provided in the Government of India Act, 1935. Here is a detailed explanation:

Government of India Act, 1935:
The Government of India Act, 1935 was a significant piece of legislation that laid the foundation for the governance and administration of British India. It was enacted by the British Parliament and was the longest and most detailed constitutional document ever drafted for any country at that time.

Distribution of Powers:
The Government of India Act, 1935 introduced a federal scheme of government in India. It provided for the distribution of powers between the Central Government (Centre) and the Provincial Governments (States). This distribution of powers formed the basis for the subsequent distribution of powers in the Indian Constitution.

Key Features of Distribution of Powers:
1. Federal List: The Act divided the subjects into three categories - Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent List. The Federal List consisted of subjects on which only the Central Government had the power to legislate.

2. Provincial List: The Provincial List consisted of subjects on which only the Provincial Governments had the power to legislate. This included subjects of local importance such as public health, education, and agriculture.

3. Concurrent List: The Concurrent List included subjects on which both the Centre and the States could legislate. This included subjects of common interest such as criminal law, marriage, and divorce.

4. Residual Powers: The Act also provided for the reservation of residual powers with the Central Government. Residual powers are those powers that are not specifically mentioned in any list and are left with the Centre.

5. Central Control: The Act gave significant powers to the Central Government, including control over defense, external affairs, and communications. The Central Government could also intervene in the affairs of the States if there was a breakdown of law and order.

Influence on Indian Constitution:
When India gained independence in 1947, the framers of the Indian Constitution drew inspiration from the Government of India Act, 1935. They adopted and modified several provisions of the Act while drafting the Constitution. The distribution of powers between the Centre and States in the Indian Constitution is based on the scheme provided in the Government of India Act, 1935.

Conclusion:
The distribution of powers between the Centre and States in the Indian Constitution is based on the scheme provided in the Government of India Act, 1935. This Act introduced a federal scheme of government and divided the subjects into Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent Lists, laying the foundation for the distribution of powers in the Indian Constitution.