Matriliny:

Matriliny is a social system in which descent and inheritance are traced through the female line. It is a family structure where property and kinship are passed from mother to daughter. This system is prevalent in certain societies and cultures around the world.

Explanation:

Matriliny is a form of social organization that is found in various societies, particularly in parts of Africa, India, and Southeast Asia. In matrilineal societies, kinship, inheritance, and property are traced through the female line. This means that children belong to their mother's lineage and inherit property from their maternal relatives.

Key Features of Matriliny:

1. Descent and Inheritance: In matrilineal societies, descent is traced through the female line. This means that individuals belong to their mother's clan or lineage. Inheritance of property and social status also follows this matrilineal pattern.

2. Property and Wealth: In matrilineal societies, land, wealth, and other valuable resources are passed down from mother to daughter. This is in contrast to patrilineal societies where property is typically inherited by sons.

3. Women's Status: Matrilineal societies often grant women a higher status and greater authority within the family and community. Women may hold positions of power, make important decisions, and have control over economic resources.

4. Residence: In some matrilineal societies, there is a practice of matrilocality, where the husband moves in with the wife's family after marriage. This further strengthens the ties between women and their maternal relatives.

Examples of Matrilineal Societies:

1. Khasi Tribe (India): The Khasi tribe in Northeast India follows a matrilineal system where property is inherited by daughters. Women play a central role in the family and are responsible for household management.

2. Mosuo People (China): The Mosuo people in China have a matrilineal society where property is passed from mother to daughter. Women are the head of the household and have significant decision-making power.

3. Akan People (Ghana): The Akan people in Ghana have a matrilineal system where descent, inheritance, and property ownership are traced through the female line. Women have a strong social and economic position in the community.

In conclusion, matriliny is a family structure where property and kinship are passed from mother to daughter. It is characterized by descent through the female line, inheritance of property by daughters, and the granting of higher status and authority to women within the society.