Pick up the incorrect statement:a)sewer pipes carry sewage flow by gra...
Incorrect Statement:
The incorrect statement is option D: none of these.
Explanation:
Sewer systems are an essential part of urban infrastructure that collect and transport wastewater from households, businesses, and industries to treatment facilities. The design and construction of sewer pipes play a crucial role in ensuring the efficient and effective functioning of the system. Let's analyze each statement to find the incorrect one:
a) Sewer pipes carry sewage flow by gravity:
This statement is correct. Sewer pipes are designed to transport sewage flow by gravity, relying on the downward slope or gradient of the pipe to facilitate the flow. Gravity is a cost-effective and reliable method of transporting wastewater, as it does not require the use of pumps or other mechanical devices.
b) Sewer pipe material has to withstand wear and tear due to abrasion:
This statement is correct. Sewer pipes are subjected to a variety of stresses and forces, including the abrasive action of the wastewater flowing through them. Therefore, the material used for sewer pipes should be able to withstand wear and tear caused by abrasion to ensure their long-term durability and functionality.
c) Sewer pipes should be designed for self-cleansing velocity of at least 0.45 m/sec at minimum discharge, or 0.8 m/sec at full design discharge:
This statement is correct. Sewer pipes should be designed to maintain a minimum self-cleansing velocity to prevent the accumulation of solids and sediment within the pipe. A self-cleansing velocity of at least 0.45 m/sec at minimum discharge or 0.8 m/sec at full design discharge helps to keep the pipe clear of debris and ensures the efficient movement of wastewater.
d) None of these:
This statement is incorrect. As discussed above, all the statements (a, b, and c) are correct. Therefore, option D is the incorrect statement.
In conclusion, the incorrect statement is option D: none of these. The correct statements are a) sewer pipes carry sewage flow by gravity, b) sewer pipe material has to withstand wear and tear due to abrasion, and c) sewer pipes should be designed for a self-cleansing velocity of at least 0.45 m/sec at minimum discharge, or 0.8 m/sec at full design discharge.