A homozygous parent produces gametes that are ______; while the heterozygous parent produces gametes that are _______a)similar; similarb)similar; dissimilarc)dissimilar; dissimilard)dissimilar; similarCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The law of segregation states that the factors separate during gamete formation. Thus a homozygous parent will produce gametes that have similar factors while the heterozygous parent would produce gametes with dissimilar alleles.

Answer

Explanation:
Homozygous and heterozygous are terms used to describe the genetic makeup of an individual for a particular trait. In genetics, alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Homozygous Parent:
A homozygous parent has two identical alleles for a particular gene. Homozygous individuals can be either homozygous dominant (AA) or homozygous recessive (aa).

When a homozygous parent produces gametes (sex cells), all the gametes will carry the same allele. In the case of a homozygous dominant parent (AA), all the gametes will carry the dominant allele (A). Similarly, in the case of a homozygous recessive parent (aa), all the gametes will carry the recessive allele (a).

Heterozygous Parent:
A heterozygous parent has two different alleles for a particular gene. Heterozygous individuals have one dominant allele and one recessive allele (Aa).

When a heterozygous parent produces gametes, the two alleles segregate during gamete formation. This means that half of the gametes will carry the dominant allele (A) and half will carry the recessive allele (a). This is because during meiosis, the homologous chromosomes separate and each gamete receives only one allele for a particular gene.

Explanation of the Answer:
Based on the above explanations, we can conclude that a homozygous parent produces gametes that are similar (carrying the same allele), while a heterozygous parent produces gametes that are dissimilar (carrying different alleles).

Therefore, the correct answer is option B: a homozygous parent produces gametes that are similar, while a heterozygous parent produces gametes that are dissimilar.

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