What should be the phenotype of the F1 progeny produced by a cross between tall and dwarf true-breeding garden pea plants?a)Tall plantsb)Dwarf plantsc)Intermediate plantsd)Mixed population of tall and dwarf plantsCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Explanation:

The phenotype of an organism is determined by its genetic makeup or genotype. In the case of the garden pea plants, the tall and dwarf traits are controlled by a single gene with two alleles. The tall allele (T) is dominant over the dwarf allele (t).

When true-breeding tall plants are crossed with true-breeding dwarf plants, both parents are homozygous for their respective traits. The tall plants have a genotype of TT, and the dwarf plants have a genotype of tt.

Punnett Square:

To determine the phenotype of the F1 progeny, we can use a Punnett square. The Punnett square is a diagram that helps to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.

The Punnett square for the cross between a tall plant (TT) and a dwarf plant (tt) would look like this:

| | T | T |
|------|-----|-----|
| t | Tt | Tt |

From the Punnett square, we can see that all of the F1 progeny will have a genotype of Tt.

Phenotype:

Since the tall allele is dominant over the dwarf allele, the presence of at least one tall allele (T) will determine the phenotype of the F1 plants. Therefore, the phenotype of the F1 progeny produced by this cross will be tall plants.

This is because the genotype Tt has a dominant allele (T) and a recessive allele (t), and the dominant allele will mask the expression of the recessive allele. As a result, all of the F1 plants will display the tall phenotype.

Conclusion:

The F1 progeny produced by a cross between tall and dwarf true-breeding garden pea plants will have a phenotype of tall plants. This is because the tall allele (T) is dominant over the dwarf allele (t), and the presence of at least one tall allele will determine the phenotype.

Answer

Tall plants are dominant over dwarf plants. Being true-breeding parents, the offsprings will all be heterozygous. Moreover, hence phenotypically, all of them will be tall.

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