Answer:

Introduction: Timber is a combustible material, and fire safety is a significant concern while using timber in construction. Fire-resistant timber is timber that has been treated to reduce its flammability and increase its resistance to fire. There are several methods to make timber fire-resistant, but Ammonium Sulphate is the most effective and economical method.

Soaking Timber in Ammonium Sulphate: Soaking timber in Ammonium Sulphate is a widely used method to make timber fire-resistant. Ammonium Sulphate is a non-toxic, non-hazardous, and economical salt that has excellent fire-retardant properties. When timber is soaked in Ammonium Sulphate, it penetrates the timber and reacts with the cellulose in the wood to form a layer of carbon that protects the wood from fire.

Coating Timber with Tar Paint: Coating timber with tar paint is another method to make timber fire-resistant. Tar paint is a thick, black, sticky substance that is made from coal tar and is highly resistant to fire. When timber is coated with tar paint, it forms a protective layer that prevents the wood from catching fire.

Pumping Creosote Oil into Timber under High Pressure: Creosote oil is a natural wood preservative that is obtained from the distillation of coal tar. It is highly effective in making timber fire-resistant. When creosote oil is pumped into timber under high pressure, it penetrates the wood and forms a protective layer that prevents the wood from catching fire.

Seasoning Process: The seasoning process involves drying the timber to reduce its moisture content. Timber that is properly seasoned is less likely to catch fire than green timber. However, seasoning alone is not enough to make timber fire-resistant.

Conclusion: In conclusion, soaking timber in Ammonium Sulphate is the most effective and economical method to make timber fire-resistant. It is a simple and safe process that can be done on-site or in a treatment facility. Other methods, such as coating timber with tar paint, pumping creosote oil into timber under high pressure, and seasoning, can also make timber fire-resistant, but they are less effective and more expensive.