What was Stalin's collectivisation programme?

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1. In order to deal with small land holdings and with shortage of grains, Stalin introduced Collectivization of farms.2. Stain thus decided to eliminate kulaks, better of peasants and establish state control over farms.3. He also provided for collective farming, where peasants were compelled to do farming in collective farms or kolkhoz.4. The bulk of land and a large number of equipments were transferred to the ownership of collective farms.5. Peasants worked on the land, and shared the profit.6. Those who resented such a policy were deported and severely punished.7. The collectivization programme, caused resentment among the peasants as many of them refused and resisted.8. It did not increase the crop production.

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By 1927-1928 the towns in Soviet Russia were facing an acute problem of gain supplies. Stalin believed that rich peasants and traders in the countryside were holding stocks in the hope of higher prices. The bulk of land and implement were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on the land and the profit was shared.

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Thanks but it's jan 21's question

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Satyam

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There was lot of difference between the rich and poor

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Stalin's Collectivisation Programme:

Stalin's collectivisation programme was a policy implemented in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s with the aim of transforming agriculture from individual peasant farming to large-scale collective farming. This programme had far-reaching consequences for the agricultural sector and the overall socio-economic landscape of the Soviet Union.

Reasons for Collectivisation:
- Industrialisation: The Soviet Union needed to rapidly industrialise in order to compete with other global powers. Collectivisation was seen as a means to generate surplus agricultural production, which could be used to fund industrialisation.
- Elimination of Kulaks: The programme aimed to eliminate the kulaks, wealthy peasants who were seen as a threat to the Soviet regime. By collectivising agriculture, the government could exert control over the peasantry and eliminate the kulaks as a class.

Process of Collectivisation:
1. Formation of Collective Farms: The peasants were required to join collective farms known as kolkhozes or state farms called sovkhozes. These farms consisted of several families pooling their resources and working together under state supervision.
2. Confiscation of Private Land and Livestock: Private land and livestock were confiscated by the state and redistributed among the collective farms. Peasants were left with smaller plots for personal use.
3. Forced Participation: Peasants who resisted collectivisation were often met with violent repression, including the confiscation of their remaining property, exile, or even execution. Propaganda campaigns were also used to persuade peasants to join the collective farms voluntarily.
4. State Control: The state exercised strict control over agricultural production. The government set production targets, determined prices, and allocated resources such as seeds and machinery.
5. Mechanisation: The collectivisation programme also aimed to introduce modern farming techniques and machinery to increase agricultural productivity.

Consequences:
- Resistance and Famine: Peasants resisted collectivisation, leading to violent clashes and widespread famine. The forced requisition of grain by the state left many peasants without sufficient food, resulting in millions of deaths from starvation.
- Decline in Agricultural Output: The disruption caused by collectivisation, coupled with the lack of incentives for individual farmers, led to a decline in agricultural output. This resulted in further food shortages and economic instability.
- Social and Cultural Impact: Collectivisation brought about significant changes in the social and cultural fabric of rural communities. Traditional village life and customs were disrupted, and the collectives often faced internal conflicts and mistrust among members.
- Industrialisation: Despite the negative consequences, collectivisation did provide the Soviet Union with surplus agricultural production, which was used to finance industrialisation projects.

Conclusion:
Stalin's collectivisation programme had profound and lasting effects on the Soviet Union. While it aimed to transform agriculture and support industrialisation, it resulted in widespread suffering, famine, and economic instability. The forced collectivisation of agriculture disrupted traditional rural life and marked a significant shift in the relationship between the state and the peasantry.

Answer

Under Stalin's collectivization program, the Bolshevik party forced all peasants to cultivate in collective farms (kolkhoz).
The bulk of lands and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on fields and kolkhoz profit was shared. Those who resented such a policy severely punished and deported. The collectivization program, caused resentment among peasants as many of them refused and resisted. It didn't increase the crop production.

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