< b="" />Decoder: < />

A decoder is a combinational logic circuit that converts binary-coded information to unique outputs. It takes binary inputs and produces outputs based on the specific logic function implemented in the circuit.

< b="" />Working of a Decoder: < />

- A decoder has multiple input lines and multiple output lines.
- The number of output lines is determined by the number of input lines.
- The input lines represent the binary-coded information, and the output lines represent the unique outputs such as decimal, octal digits, etc.
- Each unique combination of input lines corresponds to a specific output line.
- The decoder circuit uses logic gates (such as AND, OR, NOT gates) to implement the logic function.
- The output lines are activated based on the logic implemented in the circuit.

< b="" />Types of Decoders: < />

1. Binary Decoder: A binary decoder has 2^n output lines, where n is the number of input lines. Each output line corresponds to a unique binary code.

2. Decimal Decoder: A decimal decoder converts a binary-coded decimal (BCD) input to the corresponding decimal output. It has 4 input lines and 10 output lines, representing the decimal digits 0 to 9.

3. Octal Decoder: An octal decoder converts a 3-bit binary input to the corresponding octal digit output. It has 3 input lines and 8 output lines, representing the octal digits 0 to 7.

4. Priority Decoder: A priority decoder is used when multiple input lines are activated simultaneously. It prioritizes the activated input lines and activates the corresponding output line with the highest priority.

< b="" />Applications of Decoders: < />

- Address decoding in memory systems.
- Control unit decoding in microprocessors.
- Display decoding in multiplexed seven-segment displays.
- Data demultiplexing in communication systems.
- Error detection and correction in digital systems.

< b="" />Conclusion: < />

A decoder is a crucial component in digital systems that converts binary-coded information to unique outputs. It finds applications in various fields such as memory systems, microprocessors, display systems, and communication systems.