Consider a counting Semaphore variable S. Following are the semaphore operations performed: 18P, 3V, 7V, 2P, 6V. What can be the largest initial value of S to keep one process in suspended list?a)3b)4c)5d)None of the theseCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? - EduRev Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Question

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Consider a counting Semaphore variable 'S'. Following are the semaphore operations performed: 18P, 3V, 7V, 2P, 6V. What can be the largest initial value of S to keep one process in suspended list?

a)
3
b)
4
c)
5
d)
None of the these

Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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Consider a counting Semaphore variable S. Following are the semaphore ...

To determine the largest initial value of S that keeps one process in the suspended list, let's analyze the given semaphore operations step by step.

Given semaphore operations:
- 18P: This operation tries to decrement the semaphore value by 18. If the semaphore value is already less than 18, the process will be suspended. Otherwise, it will continue. Let's assume the initial value of S is x, then after this operation, the new value of S will be (x - 18).

- 3V: This operation increments the semaphore value by 3. After this operation, the new value of S will be (x - 18 + 3) = (x - 15).

- 7V: This operation increments the semaphore value by 7. After this operation, the new value of S will be (x - 15 + 7) = (x - 8).

- 2P: This operation tries to decrement the semaphore value by 2. If the semaphore value is already less than 2, the process will be suspended. Otherwise, it will continue. After this operation, the new value of S will be (x - 8 - 2) = (x - 10).

- 6V: This operation increments the semaphore value by 6. After this operation, the new value of S will be (x - 10 + 6) = (x - 4).

Now, we need to find the largest initial value of S such that it keeps one process in the suspended list. This means that after all the operations, the semaphore value should be less than 0 to suspend a process.

So, we need to find the value of x that satisfies the following inequality: (x - 4) < />

Solving this inequality, we get x < />

Therefore, the largest initial value of S that keeps one process in the suspended list is 3.

Hence, the correct answer is option A.

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Consider a counting Semaphore variable S. Following are the semaphore ...

Semaphore: it is an integer variable which is used by different processes in a mutually exclusive manner so as to achieve synchronisation.
There are two types of Semaphores:

Counting Semaphores: The integer values in this type of semaphore can range over more than 0s and 1s
Binary Semaphores: The integer values in this type of semaphore can only be binary in nature, that is, 0s and 1s.

There are two types of operations that are atomic and mutually exclusive in nature:

Wait (S) or P: If the semaphore value is greater than 0, decrement it. If it is less than 0, then wait for the semaphore to become greater than 0 and then decrement it.
Signal (S) or V: Increment the value of the semaphore. If the semaphore is of binary type, and is already 1, then again replace the value by 1.

Calculations:

Let the initial value of counting semaphore be 'x'.
One process is in suspend list, which makes the final value to be -1.
−1=x−18+3+7−2+6
−1=x−20+16
x=20−16−1

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Consider a counting Semaphore variable S. Following are the semaphore operations performed: 18P, 3V, 7V, 2P, 6V. What can be the largest initial value of S to keep one process in suspended list?a)3b)4c)5d)None of the theseCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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