When work is done on system or by a system there is a change in ______...
When a work is done or by the system, heat passes into out of the system and matter enters or leaves the system, there is a change in internal energy of the system. It is represented by the symbol “U”.
When work is done on system or by a system there is a change in ______...
When work is done on a system or by a system, there is a change in internal energy.
Explanation:
Internal energy refers to the total energy stored within a system due to the motion and interactions of its particles, such as the kinetic energy of the molecules and the potential energy of their intermolecular forces. It is a state function and represents the sum of all the microscopic forms of energy within the system.
When work is done on a system, it means that energy is being transferred to the system from its surroundings. This can occur, for example, when a gas is compressed, or when a force is applied to move an object. In both cases, work is being done on the system, and this leads to a change in its internal energy. The internal energy of the system increases as it receives energy through work.
On the other hand, when work is done by a system, it means that energy is being transferred from the system to its surroundings. This can happen, for instance, when a gas expands against a piston, or when an object is lifted against gravity. In these situations, the system is doing work on its surroundings, and this results in a decrease in its internal energy. The internal energy of the system decreases as it loses energy through work.
Therefore, whether work is done on a system or by a system, there is always a change in the system's internal energy. It is important to note that internal energy is a state function, meaning that its value only depends on the current state of the system, not on the path taken to reach that state. This means that the change in internal energy is independent of the specific process or path by which the work is done.