An element with the atomic number 15 has the following group number, valence electron count, and valency values, in that order:a)16, 5 and 2b)15, 5 and 3c)16, 6 and 3d)15, 6, and 2Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Atomic number 15 (Z) belongs to P, this can be written as [Ne] 3s²3p³
Phosphorus is in group 15 of elements. In the ground state, the valence electron count for phosphorus is 5 and the valency is 3, from 3s²3p³.

Answer

Explanation:

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons present in its nucleus. In this case, the element has an atomic number of 15, which means it has 15 protons.

Group Number:
The group number of an element indicates the number of valence electrons it has. Valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost energy level of an atom. The group number of the element is 5, which means it has 5 valence electrons.

Valence Electron Count:
The valence electron count is the number of electrons present in the outermost energy level, which is also the same as the group number. In this case, the valence electron count is 5, which matches the group number.

Valency:
The valency of an element is the combining capacity of an atom of that element with atoms of other elements. It is determined by the number of valence electrons an atom has. The valency values are determined by the number of electrons an atom needs to gain or lose to achieve a stable electron configuration.

In this case, the valency value is 3. This means that the element needs to gain 3 electrons or lose 5 electrons to achieve a stable configuration. Since it is easier to lose 5 electrons than gain 3, the element is more likely to lose electrons and form a positive ion with a charge of +3.

Conclusion:
Based on the given information, the correct answer is option B: 15, 5, and 3. The element with the atomic number 15 has a group number of 5, indicating it has 5 valence electrons. The valency value is 3, indicating it is likely to lose 5 electrons to achieve a stable configuration.

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