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Two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter. Which of the following quantities remains conserved?
- a)sum of the temperature of the two bodies
- b)total entropy of the two bodies
- c)total internal energy of the two bodies
- d)internal energy of each body
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calori...
When two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in the calorimeter, heat flows from one body to the other due to the temperature difference. This results in change in the internal energy of the individual bodies. There is no exchange of heat with the surrounding in the calorimeter. Thus, the total internal energy of the bodies remain conserved as no external work is done on them.
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Two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calori...
Conservation of Total Internal Energy in an Insulated Calorimeter
Introduction:
When two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter, several physical quantities may change. However, one quantity that remains conserved is the total internal energy of the two bodies.
Explanation:
To understand why the total internal energy is conserved, let's examine the other options first and why they are not conserved in this scenario:
1. Sum of the Temperature of the Two Bodies:
- The sum of the temperatures of the two bodies is not conserved because when they are mixed, they will reach a new equilibrium temperature.
- The final temperature will depend on the masses and initial temperatures of the bodies, as well as their specific heat capacities.
- The sum of the temperatures before mixing does not have any physical significance after the mixing process.
2. Total Entropy of the Two Bodies:
- The total entropy of the two bodies is not conserved because entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder in a system.
- Mixing two bodies at different temperatures will result in an increase in entropy.
- The increase in entropy is due to the redistribution of energy and the increase in the number of microstates available to the system.
- Therefore, the total entropy of the system will increase.
3. Internal Energy of Each Body:
- The internal energy of each body is not conserved because when the bodies are mixed, energy is transferred between them.
- Heat will flow from the body at a higher temperature to the body at a lower temperature until they reach thermal equilibrium.
- This energy transfer will lead to a change in the internal energy of each body.
Conclusion:
The only quantity that remains conserved when two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter is the total internal energy of the two bodies.
Introduction:
When two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter, several physical quantities may change. However, one quantity that remains conserved is the total internal energy of the two bodies.
Explanation:
To understand why the total internal energy is conserved, let's examine the other options first and why they are not conserved in this scenario:
1. Sum of the Temperature of the Two Bodies:
- The sum of the temperatures of the two bodies is not conserved because when they are mixed, they will reach a new equilibrium temperature.
- The final temperature will depend on the masses and initial temperatures of the bodies, as well as their specific heat capacities.
- The sum of the temperatures before mixing does not have any physical significance after the mixing process.
2. Total Entropy of the Two Bodies:
- The total entropy of the two bodies is not conserved because entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder in a system.
- Mixing two bodies at different temperatures will result in an increase in entropy.
- The increase in entropy is due to the redistribution of energy and the increase in the number of microstates available to the system.
- Therefore, the total entropy of the system will increase.
3. Internal Energy of Each Body:
- The internal energy of each body is not conserved because when the bodies are mixed, energy is transferred between them.
- Heat will flow from the body at a higher temperature to the body at a lower temperature until they reach thermal equilibrium.
- This energy transfer will lead to a change in the internal energy of each body.
Conclusion:
The only quantity that remains conserved when two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter is the total internal energy of the two bodies.
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Two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in an insulated calorimeter. Which of the following quantities remains conserved?a)sum of the temperature of the two bodiesb)total entropy of the two bodiesc)total internal energy of the two bodiesd)internal energy of each bodyCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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