Consider the following statement about the routing protocols:Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPE) in an IPv4 network.Which of the option is correct regarding the above statement?a)RIP uses distance vector routing.b)RIP packets are sent using UDP.c)OSPF packets are sent using TCP.d)OSPF operation is based on link-state routing.Correct answer is option 'A,B,D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The Correct Answer is Option A, B, D

Explanation:

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
1. RIP is a distance vector routing protocol used in IPv4 networks.
2. It uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm to calculate the best path to a destination network.
3. RIP routers exchange routing information with their neighboring routers using RIP packets.
4. RIP packets are sent using User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport protocol.
5. UDP is a lightweight transport protocol that does not provide reliable delivery of packets.
6. RIP updates are sent periodically, usually every 30 seconds, to inform neighboring routers about network changes.
7. RIP uses hop count as its metric to determine the best path to a destination network.
8. The maximum hop count in RIP is 15, which limits the size of the network it can support.
9. RIP is a classful routing protocol, which means it does not support subnetting.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
1. OSPF is a link-state routing protocol used in IPv4 networks.
2. It uses the Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path to a destination network.
3. OSPF routers exchange routing information with their neighboring routers using OSPF packets.
4. OSPF packets are sent using Internet Protocol (IP) as the transport protocol.
5. IP is a reliable transport protocol that ensures the delivery of packets.
6. OSPF updates are sent whenever there is a change in the network topology.
7. OSPF uses cost as its metric to determine the best path to a destination network.
8. The cost is calculated based on the bandwidth of the links.
9. OSPF is a classless routing protocol, which means it supports subnetting.

Summary:
- RIP uses distance vector routing.
- RIP packets are sent using UDP.
- OSPF operation is based on link-state routing.

Answer

Option (A): RIP uses distance vector routing.

RIP is a dynamic routing protocol that uses hop count as a routing metric between source and destination. It uses distance vector routing. So, it is correct.

Option (B): RIP packets are sent using UDP.

RIP uses the UDP protocol for the transmission of data. So, it is correct.

Option (C): OSPF packets are sent using TCP.

OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that uses multicast addresses to find the best path between source and destination. As TCP does not support multicasting. So, OSPF packets are not sent using TCP. So, it is incorrect.

Option (D): OSPF operation is based on link-state routing.

It is correct.

Hence, the correct options are (A), (B) and (D).

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