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The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is
(Answer up to one decimal place)
Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer?
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The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoi...
Area = 1 km2 = 1 x 106 m2, declined by 20 cm. For a certain period,
Water budget equation
So, actual evaporation = 0.12 x 0.7 x 106 m3.
Inflow - Outflow = Change in storage
⇒ Seepage in hectare-m
= 20 + 10 + 0.03 x 102 - 0.12 x 0.7 x 102 - 20
= 4.6 hectare-m
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The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoi...
Given Information:
- Plan area of the reservoir = 1 km²
- Water level decline = 20 cm
- Surface inflow = 10 hectare-meters
- Abstracted water = 20 hectare-meters
- Pan evaporation = 12 cm
- Rainfall = 3 cm
- Calibrated pan factor = 0.7
To Find:
Seepage from the reservoir during the period in hectare-meters
Solution:
Step 1: Calculate the Change in Storage:
The change in storage during the period can be calculated using the formula:
Change in Storage = Surface Inflow - Abstracted Water - Precipitation + Evaporation - Seepage
Since the plan area of the reservoir is given in km², we need to convert all the quantities to the same unit.
- Surface inflow = 10 hectare-meters = 10,000 m²
- Abstracted water = 20 hectare-meters = 20,000 m²
- Precipitation = Rainfall + Seepage
- Pan evaporation = 12 cm = 0.12 m
Change in Storage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - (3 cm + Seepage) + 0.12 m - Seepage
Step 2: Calculate the Seepage:
Rearranging the equation, we get:
Seepage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m - Change in Storage
Substituting the given values, we get:
Seepage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m - (-20 cm)
Seepage = -10,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m + 20 cm
Note: We convert cm to meters by dividing by 100, as 1 cm = 0.01 m.
Seepage = -10,000 m² - 0.03 m + 0.12 m + 0.20 m
Seepage = -10,000 m² + 0.29 m
Step 3: Convert Seepage to Hectare-meters:
Since the answer is required in hectare-meters, we need to convert the seepage from cubic meters to hectare-meters.
Seepage (hectare-meters) = Seepage (cubic meters) / Plan Area
Substituting the given values, we get:
Seepage (hectare-meters) = (-10,000 m² + 0.29 m) / 1 km²
Seepage (hectare-meters) = -10,000 m²/km² + 0.29 m/km²
Converting m²/km² to hectare-meters, we multiply by 10,000:
Seepage (hectare-meters) = -10,000 hectare-meters + 2.9 hectare-meters
Step 4: Final Calculation:
Since seepage cannot be negative, we take the absolute value:
Seepage (hectare
- Plan area of the reservoir = 1 km²
- Water level decline = 20 cm
- Surface inflow = 10 hectare-meters
- Abstracted water = 20 hectare-meters
- Pan evaporation = 12 cm
- Rainfall = 3 cm
- Calibrated pan factor = 0.7
To Find:
Seepage from the reservoir during the period in hectare-meters
Solution:
Step 1: Calculate the Change in Storage:
The change in storage during the period can be calculated using the formula:
Change in Storage = Surface Inflow - Abstracted Water - Precipitation + Evaporation - Seepage
Since the plan area of the reservoir is given in km², we need to convert all the quantities to the same unit.
- Surface inflow = 10 hectare-meters = 10,000 m²
- Abstracted water = 20 hectare-meters = 20,000 m²
- Precipitation = Rainfall + Seepage
- Pan evaporation = 12 cm = 0.12 m
Change in Storage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - (3 cm + Seepage) + 0.12 m - Seepage
Step 2: Calculate the Seepage:
Rearranging the equation, we get:
Seepage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m - Change in Storage
Substituting the given values, we get:
Seepage = 10,000 m² - 20,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m - (-20 cm)
Seepage = -10,000 m² - 3 cm + 0.12 m + 20 cm
Note: We convert cm to meters by dividing by 100, as 1 cm = 0.01 m.
Seepage = -10,000 m² - 0.03 m + 0.12 m + 0.20 m
Seepage = -10,000 m² + 0.29 m
Step 3: Convert Seepage to Hectare-meters:
Since the answer is required in hectare-meters, we need to convert the seepage from cubic meters to hectare-meters.
Seepage (hectare-meters) = Seepage (cubic meters) / Plan Area
Substituting the given values, we get:
Seepage (hectare-meters) = (-10,000 m² + 0.29 m) / 1 km²
Seepage (hectare-meters) = -10,000 m²/km² + 0.29 m/km²
Converting m²/km² to hectare-meters, we multiply by 10,000:
Seepage (hectare-meters) = -10,000 hectare-meters + 2.9 hectare-meters
Step 4: Final Calculation:
Since seepage cannot be negative, we take the absolute value:
Seepage (hectare
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The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer?
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The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer? for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Civil Engineering (CE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus. Information about The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer?.
The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer? for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 is part of Civil Engineering (CE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Civil Engineering (CE) exam syllabus. Information about The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Civil Engineering (CE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The plan area of a reservoir is 1 km2. The water level in the reservoir is observed to decline by 20 cm in a certain period. During this period, the reservoir receives a surface inflow of 10 hectare-meters, and 20 hectare-meters are abstracted from the reservoir for irrigation and power. The pan evaporation and rainfall recorded during the same period at a near by meteorological station are 12 cm and 3 cm respectively. The calibrated pan factor is 0.7. The seepage from the reservoir during this period in hectare-meters is(Answer up to one decimal place)Correct answer is '4.6'. Can you explain this answer?.
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