Client-Server Architecture in FTP:
Client-server architecture is a common model in networking where clients request services or resources from servers. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is built on this architecture, which involves two types of entities:

Client:
- The client initiates the connection to the server to request file transfers.
- It sends commands to the server to upload, download, rename, or delete files.
- The client interacts with the user interface to input commands and view responses.

Server:
- The server hosts the files and responds to client requests.
- It listens for incoming connections from clients and executes the requested file operations.
- The server manages file access permissions and ensures data integrity during transfers.

Communication Flow:
- The client establishes a connection to the server using TCP/IP protocols.
- The client sends commands such as LIST (to get a directory listing) or RETR (to retrieve a file) to the server.
- The server processes the commands and responds with status codes and data (e.g., file contents).
- Data is transferred between the client and server in separate data connections.

Benefits of Client-Server Architecture in FTP:
- Scalability: Servers can handle multiple client connections simultaneously.
- Centralized Management: Servers store and manage files, ensuring data consistency.
- Security: Servers can enforce access controls and encryption to protect data.
In conclusion, FTP's client-server architecture facilitates efficient and reliable file transfers by separating the roles of clients and servers in the communication process.