The maximum load that can be carried by a pile is defined as its ultimate load carrying capacity, ultimate bearing resistance, or ultimate bearing capacity. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D', which states that all of the mentioned options are correct.

Explanation:
Piles are long cylindrical structures that are used to transfer loads from the superstructure (e.g., building, bridge) to deeper, more competent layers of soil or rock. They are commonly used in civil engineering projects to support structures in areas with weak or unstable soil conditions.

The maximum load that a pile can carry without failure or excessive settlement is known as its ultimate load carrying capacity. This capacity is determined through various testing methods, such as pile load tests, static load tests, or dynamic load tests. During these tests, the load is gradually increased on the pile until failure occurs, or until the pile reaches its maximum load carrying capacity.

The ultimate load carrying capacity of a pile is influenced by several factors, including the type of pile, its dimensions, the soil conditions, and the loading characteristics. Different types of piles, such as driven piles or bored piles, may have different methods of load transfer and different failure mechanisms.

The ultimate load carrying capacity of a pile is also referred to as its ultimate bearing resistance or ultimate bearing capacity. This term emphasizes the fact that the pile acts as a foundation element and bears the load from the structure above. It is important to note that the ultimate load carrying capacity is not the same as the working load of the pile, which is the load that the pile is designed to carry under normal service conditions with an appropriate factor of safety.

In summary, the maximum load that a pile can carry is defined as its ultimate load carrying capacity, ultimate bearing resistance, or ultimate bearing capacity. All of these terms refer to the same concept and are used interchangeably in the field of civil engineering.