Answer:

The UNESCO World Heritage List programme was initiated in the year 1972.

Introduction:
The World Heritage List programme, established by UNESCO, aims to identify and protect cultural and natural sites of outstanding universal value. It seeks to preserve these sites for future generations and promote international cooperation in their preservation and conservation.

Background:
Before the establishment of the World Heritage List programme, there was a growing concern about the rapid deterioration and destruction of cultural and natural heritage sites around the world. In response to this, the international community recognized the need for a global mechanism to identify, protect, and promote these sites.

Initiation of the World Heritage List programme:
In 1972, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. This convention established the legal framework for the World Heritage List programme.

The Purpose:
The primary purpose of the World Heritage List programme is to identify and protect sites that are considered to be of outstanding universal value. These sites are selected based on their cultural, historical, scientific, or natural significance. The programme aims to ensure the preservation of these sites and raise awareness about their importance.

The Process:
The process of including a site in the World Heritage List involves several steps. First, a country that is a party to the World Heritage Convention must submit a nomination for a site within its territory. The nomination is then evaluated by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) or the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). These advisory bodies assess the site's cultural or natural value and provide recommendations to the World Heritage Committee.

The World Heritage Committee:
The World Heritage Committee, consisting of representatives from different countries, is responsible for making the final decision on the inclusion of a site in the World Heritage List. The committee meets annually to review the nominations and make decisions based on the recommendations of the advisory bodies.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the UNESCO World Heritage List programme was initiated in the year 1972. It plays a crucial role in identifying and protecting cultural and natural sites of outstanding universal value. Through this programme, countries work together to preserve these sites for future generations and promote international cooperation in heritage conservation.