Introduction:
After a hydraulic jump occurs, the flow of fluid undergoes a significant change in its characteristics. The hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs when a fast-moving, high-energy flow transitions into a slower-moving, lower-energy flow. This transition leads to several changes in the flow conditions, including an increase in turbulence and a decrease in flow velocity.

Explanation:
The correct answer to the question is option 'B': Rough.

Reasoning:
After the hydraulic jump, the flow of fluid becomes rough. This is because the energy loss during the hydraulic jump causes the flow to become turbulent. Turbulence is characterized by irregular and chaotic movement of fluid particles. The presence of turbulence in the flow results in increased mixing, which leads to a rougher flow.

Effects of Turbulence:
1. Increased Mixing: Turbulence causes the fluid particles to mix more vigorously. This increased mixing can be beneficial in some applications, such as in water treatment processes where it helps in dispersing chemicals or oxygenating the water.

2. Increased Resistance: Turbulent flow experiences higher resistance compared to laminar flow. This increased resistance is due to the chaotic movement of fluid particles, which creates additional frictional forces. As a result, more energy is required to maintain the flow, leading to higher pressure losses.

3. Enhanced Heat Transfer: Turbulence enhances heat transfer between the fluid and its surroundings. The chaotic motion of fluid particles helps in breaking the boundary layer and bringing fresh fluid in contact with the surface. This promotes efficient heat transfer in applications such as heat exchangers.

4. Mixing of Pollutants: Turbulent flow helps in dispersing and diluting pollutants. The increased mixing caused by turbulence ensures that pollutants are not concentrated in specific regions of the flow, thus reducing their environmental impact.

Conclusion:
After the hydraulic jump, the flow of fluid becomes rough due to the presence of turbulence. This turbulence leads to increased mixing, enhanced heat transfer, increased resistance, and better dispersion of pollutants. Understanding the characteristics of the flow after a hydraulic jump is essential in various engineering applications, such as the design of water treatment systems, hydraulic structures, and heat exchangers.