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Protected forests and customary rights
Protected forests refer to forests that are set aside for conservation purposes. These forests are protected from human activities that may harm the environment and the wildlife. In many cases, protected forests are also home to indigenous communities who have lived in close proximity to the forest for generations. In such cases, the government grants customary rights to these communities to use the forest resources for their livelihoods.
Customary rights refer to the rights that indigenous communities have over their land and natural resources. These rights are based on the community's traditional practices and customs. Customary rights are recognized and protected by international law, and many countries have laws that recognize these rights.
Restrictions on customary rights
While customary rights are recognized and protected, they are subject to certain restrictions. In the case of protected forests, customary rights are granted subject to severe restrictions on the movement of the indigenous communities. This is because unrestricted access to the forest may lead to environmental degradation and harm to the wildlife.
For instance, pastoralists may be granted grazing rights in protected forests, but they may be required to follow certain guidelines to ensure that their activities do not harm the environment. These guidelines may include restrictions on the number of animals that can graze in the forest, the duration of grazing, and the areas where grazing is allowed.
Conclusion
Protected forests are essential for the conservation of the environment and the wildlife. However, it is also important to recognize the rights of indigenous communities who live in close proximity to these forests. Customary rights provide a framework for balancing conservation goals with the needs of these communities. While these rights are subject to restrictions, they play a crucial role in ensuring that indigenous communities can continue to use the forest resources for their livelihoods while also preserving the environment.
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