A dice is tossed once and even number has come up. The chance that it ...
Probability of Getting an Even Number
When a dice is tossed, the probability of getting an even number is 3/6 or 1/2. This is because there are three even numbers on a dice: 2, 4, and 6, and a total of six possible outcomes.
Probability of Getting 2 or 4
Out of the three even numbers, only two are 2 and 4. Therefore, the probability of getting a 2 or 4 when an even number is rolled is 2/3.
Using Conditional Probability Formula
To calculate the probability of getting either 2 or 4 when an even number is rolled, we use the conditional probability formula:
P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B)
Where A is the event of getting either 2 or 4, and B is the event of getting an even number.
P(A and B) is the probability of getting both 2 or 4 and an even number, which is 1/6.
P(B) is the probability of getting an even number, which is 1/2.
Therefore, P(A|B) = (1/6) / (1/2) = 2/3.
Answer
Hence, the probability that when an even number is rolled, it is either 2 or 4 is 2/3. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.