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Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.
This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.
Some of the largest ocean waves in the world are
nearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,
these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride the
ocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,
5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery or
sophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite their
hidden nature, internal waves are fundamental parts
of ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to the
ocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.
10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tall
as skyscrapers.
Because these waves are involved in ocean mixing
and thus the transfer of heat, understanding them is
crucial to global climate modeling, says Tom
15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology. Most models fail to take internal
waves into account. “If we want to have more and
more accurate climate models, we have to be able to
capture processes such as this,” Peacock says.
20 Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.
Their study, published in November in Geophysical
Research Letters, focused on internal waves generated
in the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and the
Philippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to
25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about
500 meters high. “That’s the same height as the
Freedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”
Peacock says.
Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in
30 the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t know
exactly how internal waves formed. To find out,
Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. and
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked with
France’s National Center for Scientific Research
35 using a giant facility there called the Coriolis
Platform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters
(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds and
can simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, which
means scientists can fill it with water and create
40 accurate, large-scale simulations of various
oceanographic scenarios.
Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resin
scale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islands
and surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they
45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity to
replicate the different densities found at the strait,
with denser, saltier water below and lighter, less
briny water above. Small particles were added to the
solution and illuminated with lights from below in
50 order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, they
re-created tides using two large plungers to see how
the internal waves themselves formed.
The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with a
distinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be
55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.
As the tide rises and falls and water moves through
the strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over the
ridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.
This action results in bumps of colder water trailed
60 by warmer water that generate an internal wave.
As these waves move toward land, they become
steeper—much the same way waves at the beach
become taller before they hit the shore—until they
break on a continental shelf.
65 The researchers were also able to devise a
mathematical model that describes the movement
and formation of these waves. Whereas the model is
specific to the Luzon Strait, it can still help
researchers understand how internal waves are
70 generated in other places around the world.
Eventually, this information will be incorporated into
global climate models, making them more accurate.
“It’s very clear, within the context of these [global
climate] models, that internal waves play a role in
75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.
Q. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?
  • a)
    Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)
  • b)
    Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)
  • c)
    Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)
  • d)
    Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material....
Choice C is the best answer. In lines 17-19, researcher Tom Peacock provides evidence that studying internal waves will inform the development of key scientific models, such as “more accurate climate models.” Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not provide the best evidence that studying internal waves will inform the development of key  scientific models; rather, they provide general information about internal waves.
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Question based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy. ©1945 by Bertrand Russell, renewed by Edith Russell. Reprinted with permission of Simon & Schuster.To understand the views of Aristotle, as of mostGreeks, on physics, it is necessary to apprehendhis imaginative background. Every philosopher,in addition to the formal system that he offers to(5) the world, has another much simpler system ofwhich he may be quite unaware. If he is aware ofit, he probably realizes that it wont quite do; hetherefore conceals it, and sets forth something moresophisticated, which he believes because it is like(10) his crude system, but which he asks others to acceptbecause he thinks he has made it such as cannotbe disproved. The sophistication comes in by wayof refutation of refutations, but this alone will nevergive a positive result. It shows, at best, that a theory(15) may be true, not that it must be. The positive result,however little the philosopher may realize it, isdue to his imaginative preconceptions, or to whatSantayana calls “animal faith.”In relation to physics, Aristotles imaginative(20) background was very different from that of amodern student. Nowadays, students begin withmechanics, which, by its very name, suggestsmachines. They are accustomed to automobilesand airplanes; they do not, even in the dimmest(25) recesses of their subconscious imagination,think that an automobile contains some sort ofhorse inside, or that an airplane flies becauseits wings are those of a bird possessing magicalpowers. Animals have lost their importance in(30) our imaginative pictures of the world, in whichhumans stand comparatively alone as masters ofa mainly lifeless and largely subservient materialenvironment.To the ancient Greek, attempting to give(35) a scientific account of motion, the purelymechanical view hardly suggested itself,except in the case of a few men of genius suchas Democritus and Archimedes. Two sets ofphenomena seemed important: the movements(40) of animals, and the movements of the heavenlybodies. To the modern man of science, the bodyof an animal is a very elaborate machine, withan enormously complex physical and chemicalstructure. Every new discovery consists in(45) diminishing the apparent gulf between animalsand machines. To the Greek, it seemed morenatural to assimilate apparently lifeless motionsto those of animals. A child still distinguishes liveanimals from other things by the fact that animals(50) can move themselves. To many Greeks, andespecially to Aristotle, this peculiarity suggesteditself as the basis of a general theory of physics.But how about the heavenly bodies? Theydiffer from animals by the regularity of their(55) movements, but this may be only due to theirsuperior perfection. Every Greek philosopher,whatever he may have come to think in adult life,had been taught in childhood to regard the sunand moon as gods. Anaxagoras was prosecuted(60) for impiety because he thought that they werenot alive. It was natural that a philosopher whocould no longer regard the heavenly bodiesthemselves as divine should think of them asmoved by the will of a Divine Being who had a(65) Hellenic love of order and geometric simplicity.Thus the ultimate source of all movement isWill: on earth the capricious Will of humanbeings, but in heaven the unchanging Will of theSupreme Artificer.Q.Which sentence provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?

Question based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy. ©1945 by Bertrand Russell, renewed by Edith Russell. Reprinted with permission of Simon & Schuster.To understand the views of Aristotle, as of mostGreeks, on physics, it is necessary to apprehendhis imaginative background. Every philosopher,in addition to the formal system that he offers to(5) the world, has another much simpler system ofwhich he may be quite unaware. If he is aware ofit, he probably realizes that it wont quite do; hetherefore conceals it, and sets forth something moresophisticated, which he believes because it is like(10) his crude system, but which he asks others to acceptbecause he thinks he has made it such as cannotbe disproved. The sophistication comes in by wayof refutation of refutations, but this alone will nevergive a positive result. It shows, at best, that a theory(15) may be true, not that it must be. The positive result,however little the philosopher may realize it, isdue to his imaginative preconceptions, or to whatSantayana calls “animal faith.”In relation to physics, Aristotles imaginative(20) background was very different from that of amodern student. Nowadays, students begin withmechanics, which, by its very name, suggestsmachines. They are accustomed to automobilesand airplanes; they do not, even in the dimmest(25) recesses of their subconscious imagination,think that an automobile contains some sort ofhorse inside, or that an airplane flies becauseits wings are those of a bird possessing magicalpowers. Animals have lost their importance in(30) our imaginative pictures of the world, in whichhumans stand comparatively alone as masters ofa mainly lifeless and largely subservient materialenvironment.To the ancient Greek, attempting to give(35) a scientific account of motion, the purelymechanical view hardly suggested itself,except in the case of a few men of genius suchas Democritus and Archimedes. Two sets ofphenomena seemed important: the movements(40) of animals, and the movements of the heavenlybodies. To the modern man of science, the bodyof an animal is a very elaborate machine, withan enormously complex physical and chemicalstructure. Every new discovery consists in(45) diminishing the apparent gulf between animalsand machines. To the Greek, it seemed morenatural to assimilate apparently lifeless motionsto those of animals. A child still distinguishes liveanimals from other things by the fact that animals(50) can move themselves. To many Greeks, andespecially to Aristotle, this peculiarity suggesteditself as the basis of a general theory of physics.But how about the heavenly bodies? Theydiffer from animals by the regularity of their(55) movements, but this may be only due to theirsuperior perfection. Every Greek philosopher,whatever he may have come to think in adult life,had been taught in childhood to regard the sunand moon as gods. Anaxagoras was prosecuted(60) for impiety because he thought that they werenot alive. It was natural that a philosopher whocould no longer regard the heavenly bodiesthemselves as divine should think of them asmoved by the will of a Divine Being who had a(65) Hellenic love of order and geometric simplicity.Thus the ultimate source of all movement isWill: on earth the capricious Will of humanbeings, but in heaven the unchanging Will of theSupreme Artificer.Q.The statement that “animals have lost their importance” (line 29) means that

Directions: Each passage below is accompanied by a number of questions. For some questions, you will consider how the passage might be revised to improve the expression of ideas. For other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising and editing decisions.Some questions will direct you to an underlined portion of a passage. Other questions will direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole.After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the conventions of Standard Written English. Many questions include a "NO CHANGE" option. Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the passage as it is.Question based on the following passage.Platonic FormsWhen we look at the moon, we see a spherical object. But do “spheres” really exist? This may seem to be a silly question, because its not hard to understand the definition of a sphere: “the set of all points in space that are a fixed distance (called the radius) from a fixed point (called the center).” We see examples of “spherical” objects all the time, dont we?(1) First, nothing that we can observe in our physical world (2) complies perfectly to this mathematical definition of a sphere. The moon, a beach ball, and even water droplets are all “bumpy,” at least at the atomic level. So can we say that the concept of “sphere” is real (3) if there is no such thing as a real sphere?Pondering this question as so many ancient Greek philosophers did, (4) the argument Plato made was that the sphere is an “ideal form,” inaccessible to our physical senses yet (5) the mind can apprehend itthrough pure reason. He also reasoned that, since our senses can be fooled, logic provides a much more reliable path to the truth. Therefore, a Platonic idealist believes that these abstract forms are (6) as effective, if not more so, than sensory experience at revealing the nature of reality. (7)Modern scientists and philosophers are unlikely to be Platonic idealists. Today, we can understand the origin of abstract concepts (8) and not having to believe that they come from a higher, physically inaccessible reality. We simply need to understand (9) the process by which our brains make inferences.Take an abstract idea like “orangeness.” Most of us would say that orangeness “exists” because we see examples of it every day, such as carrots, traffic cones, and pumpkins. But what if, by some magic, we could remove all orange-colored objects from the universe? In other words, what if, as with “sphereness,” no real examples of “orangeness” (10) would exist? Would “orangeness” still exist?In an important sense, the answer is yes. We can demonstrate the existence of “orangeness” without appealing to any higher reality. We could measure the wavelength of red light (about 650 nm), and yellow light (about 570 nm) and make the reasonable inference, because wavelengths fall on a continuum, that a color exists with an intermediate wavelength, of 610 nm, even if we have never directly measured such light.Our brains do not contain sophisticated instruments for measuring wavelengths of light, but they do make similar inferences constantly. (11) For instance, when you drive, you unconsciously make inferences about quantities like the speeds of surrounding cars and qualities like dangerous driving conditions. Our brains are continually making inferences based on the limited information from our senses, and these inferences are the substance of abstract thought.Q.Which of the following changes would best improve this sentence’s cohesiveness with the rest of the paragraph?

Directions: Each passage below is accompanied by a number of questions. For some questions, you will consider how the passage might be revised to improve the expression of ideas. For other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A passage or a question may be accompanied by one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you will consider as you make revising and editing decisions.Some questions will direct you to an underlined portion of a passage. Other questions will direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole.After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the conventions of Standard Written English. Many questions include a "NO CHANGE" option. Choose that option if you think the best choice is to leave the relevant portion of the passage as it is.Question based on the following passage.Platonic FormsWhen we look at the moon, we see a spherical object. But do “spheres” really exist? This may seem to be a silly question, because its not hard to understand the definition of a sphere: “the set of all points in space that are a fixed distance (called the radius) from a fixed point (called the center).” We see examples of “spherical” objects all the time, dont we?(1) First, nothing that we can observe in our physical world (2) complies perfectly to this mathematical definition of a sphere. The moon, a beach ball, and even water droplets are all “bumpy,” at least at the atomic level. So can we say that the concept of “sphere” is real (3) if there is no such thing as a real sphere?Pondering this question as so many ancient Greek philosophers did, (4) the argument Plato made was that the sphere is an “ideal form,” inaccessible to our physical senses yet (5) the mind can apprehend itthrough pure reason. He also reasoned that, since our senses can be fooled, logic provides a much more reliable path to the truth. Therefore, a Platonic idealist believes that these abstract forms are (6) as effective, if not more so, than sensory experience at revealing the nature of reality. (7)Modern scientists and philosophers are unlikely to be Platonic idealists. Today, we can understand the origin of abstract concepts (8) and not having to believe that they come from a higher, physically inaccessible reality. We simply need to understand (9) the process by which our brains make inferences.Take an abstract idea like “orangeness.” Most of us would say that orangeness “exists” because we see examples of it every day, such as carrots, traffic cones, and pumpkins. But what if, by some magic, we could remove all orange-colored objects from the universe? In other words, what if, as with “sphereness,” no real examples of “orangeness” (10) would exist? Would “orangeness” still exist?In an important sense, the answer is yes. We can demonstrate the existence of “orangeness” without appealing to any higher reality. We could measure the wavelength of red light (about 650 nm), and yellow light (about 570 nm) and make the reasonable inference, because wavelengths fall on a continuum, that a color exists with an intermediate wavelength, of 610 nm, even if we have never directly measured such light.Our brains do not contain sophisticated instruments for measuring wavelengths of light, but they do make similar inferences constantly. (11) For instance, when you drive, you unconsciously make inferences about quantities like the speeds of surrounding cars and qualities like dangerous driving conditions. Our brains are continually making inferences based on the limited information from our senses, and these inferences are the substance of abstract thought.Q. (2)

Question based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy. ©1945 by Bertrand Russell, renewed by Edith Russell. Reprinted with permission of Simon & Schuster.To understand the views of Aristotle, as of mostGreeks, on physics, it is necessary to apprehendhis imaginative background. Every philosopher,in addition to the formal system that he offers to(5) the world, has another much simpler system ofwhich he may be quite unaware. If he is aware ofit, he probably realizes that it wont quite do; hetherefore conceals it, and sets forth something moresophisticated, which he believes because it is like(10) his crude system, but which he asks others to acceptbecause he thinks he has made it such as cannotbe disproved. The sophistication comes in by wayof refutation of refutations, but this alone will nevergive a positive result. It shows, at best, that a theory(15) may be true, not that it must be. The positive result,however little the philosopher may realize it, isdue to his imaginative preconceptions, or to whatSantayana calls “animal faith.”In relation to physics, Aristotles imaginative(20) background was very different from that of amodern student. Nowadays, students begin withmechanics, which, by its very name, suggestsmachines. They are accustomed to automobilesand airplanes; they do not, even in the dimmest(25) recesses of their subconscious imagination,think that an automobile contains some sort ofhorse inside, or that an airplane flies becauseits wings are those of a bird possessing magicalpowers. Animals have lost their importance in(30) our imaginative pictures of the world, in whichhumans stand comparatively alone as masters ofa mainly lifeless and largely subservient materialenvironment.To the ancient Greek, attempting to give(35) a scientific account of motion, the purelymechanical view hardly suggested itself,except in the case of a few men of genius suchas Democritus and Archimedes. Two sets ofphenomena seemed important: the movements(40) of animals, and the movements of the heavenlybodies. To the modern man of science, the bodyof an animal is a very elaborate machine, withan enormously complex physical and chemicalstructure. Every new discovery consists in(45) diminishing the apparent gulf between animalsand machines. To the Greek, it seemed morenatural to assimilate apparently lifeless motionsto those of animals. A child still distinguishes liveanimals from other things by the fact that animals(50) can move themselves. To many Greeks, andespecially to Aristotle, this peculiarity suggesteditself as the basis of a general theory of physics.But how about the heavenly bodies? Theydiffer from animals by the regularity of their(55) movements, but this may be only due to theirsuperior perfection. Every Greek philosopher,whatever he may have come to think in adult life,had been taught in childhood to regard the sunand moon as gods. Anaxagoras was prosecuted(60) for impiety because he thought that they werenot alive. It was natural that a philosopher whocould no longer regard the heavenly bodiesthemselves as divine should think of them asmoved by the will of a Divine Being who had a(65) Hellenic love of order and geometric simplicity.Thus the ultimate source of all movement isWill: on earth the capricious Will of humanbeings, but in heaven the unchanging Will of theSupreme Artificer.Q.The “simpler system” in line 5 is a

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Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for SAT 2025 is part of SAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the SAT exam syllabus. Information about Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for SAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for SAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for SAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Question is based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller, “Long a Mystery, How 500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.” ©2014 by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world arenearly impossible to see. Unlike other large waves,these rollers, called internal waves, do not ride theocean surface. Instead, they move underwater,5 undetectable without the use of satellite imagery orsophisticated monitoring equipment. Despite theirhidden nature, internal waves are fundamental partsof ocean water dynamics, transferring heat to theocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.10 And they can reach staggering heights—some as tallas skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixingand thus the transfer of heat, understanding them iscrucial to global climate modeling, says Tom15 Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology. Most models fail to take internalwaves into account. “If we want to have more andmore accurate climate models, we have to be able tocapture processes such as this,” Peacock says.20Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study, published in November in GeophysicalResearch Letters, focused on internal waves generatedin the Luzon Strait, which separates Taiwan and thePhilippines. Internal waves in this region, thought to25 be some of the largest in the world, can reach about500 meters high. “That’s the same height as theFreedom Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in30the South China Sea and beyond, they didn’t knowexactly how internal waves formed. To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers from M.I.T. andWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked withFrance’s National Center for Scientific Research35 using a giant facility there called the CoriolisPlatform. The rotating platform, about 15 meters(49.2 feet) in diameter, turns at variable speeds andcan simulate Earth’s rotation. It also has walls, whichmeans scientists can fill it with water and create40accurate, large-scale simulations of variousoceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resinscale model of the Luzon Strait, including the islandsand surrounding ocean floor topography. Then they45 filled the platform with water of varying salinity toreplicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser, saltier water below and lighter, lessbriny water above. Small particles were added to thesolution and illuminated with lights from below in50order to track how the liquid moved. Finally, theyre-created tides using two large plungers to see howthe internal waves themselves formed.The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography, with adistinct double-ridge shape, turns out to be55 responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water moves throughthe strait, colder, denser water is pushed up over theridges into warmer, less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed60by warmer water that generate an internal wave.As these waves move toward land, they becomesteeper—much the same way waves at the beachbecome taller before they hit the shore—until theybreak on a continental shelf.65 The researchers were also able to devise amathematical model that describes the movementand formation of these waves. Whereas the model isspecific to the Luzon Strait, it can still helpresearchers understand how internal waves are70generated in other places around the world.Eventually, this information will be incorporated intoglobal climate models, making them more accurate.“It’s very clear, within the context of these [globalclimate] models, that internal waves play a role in75 driving ocean circulations,” Peacock says.Q.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?a)Lines 1-2 (“Some... see”)b)Lines 4-6 (“they... equipment”)c)Lines 17-19 (“If... this”)d)Lines 24-26 (“Internal... high”)Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice SAT tests.
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